HUMAN GADIATION parent that most of this faodt area i bevoid the range of destruetian 1 rhast ap heat. aid thus one is dealing vith: essentially a Spire radiological situation The extent and porentia seriousness of fil ONIUEY 97 faiees for man shoukl be used only as a rough ui ted casey estimation, lor order of magnitude of doses that may be cr ountered on the fall out area, the following 1 officer! releases of tures for total dose for the tirst 36 hour period, cteauotec: from chairman Strauss’ release (1). these statements. the bomn'= cloud could drop. atthe Bikint Ato] on Mareh 1.1954, within the out was clearly indicated the Atomie Energy Conin.ssion 1-4 From radioactive ashes ina chyar-suaped zone abeut 220 miles long and vote 4 nies wide. There could be sufficient ranioaet vityou on downwind belt about 140 miles in engt') and of varying width up to 20 miles to seriously threaten "he lives of nearly all persons remaining im the aren for 86 hours and who did nor take protective measures. The zones thus catlined far potent:al morbidity and lethality cepend obvieusiv or Ter odes downwind from the large device fired les =e. a total dose of 3,000 roentgens was dePvered over i period of 36 hours. The largest tots, lose delivered outside the test site was 2.2 for tae same period at the north-west rue oot Rongelap Atoll about 100 miles from Silins ‘Two other areas in Rongelap 110 and © tities fram Bikini recetved 2,000 and 150 r esomerively, Strauss(i) emphasized that possible «is ualty figures given are for ‘ie cears? posxsthle -it uation. Casualties might te reduced greatly in number because mary on the area sould take shelter or evacuate the aren. Also, rhe pattert of fallout might be -potty cu nature, and thus, many would escape exposure Nevertheless. tne area where potentiaily serious casualties mins result may exceed bso orders of magnitude the relatively smail aren: for eonvent onal werpers 6.33 The Effects of Gamms Radiauon From of oenetrating radiation given over a few min- ies or tours are indicated in Table 6.1 (7). It ~ emphasized that such tables are derived feet, from animal ‘acues vary considerably ve esf taker Tihifes as as seen in the Marshallese. 107 Hair oroduce the same bor both situations, penetratcig radiation of ‘he entire body results. (Juatativedy, the result. are identical. (Juanritativel: reo, dose-ettert relationships). there may oe ditferences die t> incompletely Known and iaderstood di tte rence- QM) r 3006 in the energy of rad ation ued ir dose rite. ane inthe geometry of esposuse tsee sec 6 F2) these reasons. and far ieteliti ora rensons Ker to he advanced later. instrimen! rerdines od roentven dose mensered ips ae og ade ped cdo. Hag + «and from thus, should only. the These British fanie 6.1.—Fffects of Acute Total Body Irradiation on Human Beings type of Wwyury produced fs ‘he initial radiation from the conventional weapar fu the ane case radiation is delivered fron a distant source 1: the other from essentially . plane sield. Ly data approximations oS 5 Fallout The vamma radiniions cre penetrating: id, 125 miles from Ctfecrs that may be expected for given «loses weaponsize, wind and other weather conditien ete. Another area, Spon recerved 1.000 rover the 36 hour period. hr made Na casualties. No reduction in ifectivene ss. Two percent mav be casualties nausea andor vomiting) for snort period of time. No evacuinion contemplated, No sientfi‘ant reduction in effectiveness. Twenty-five pereent casualties in a few hours First definite rejuction in effectiveness. Fifty percent of the casualties in this vroup will have to be evacuated. ii must be evacuated as soon as possible. Fifty percent wall be 1 oneffective Approximately 20 percent deaths. AL need evacuation immediately, Ad are noneffectives. Fefty pereent deaths Lethal dose, but not neeessarily ‘or all sa oxposed