98

EFFECTS Ut

ON ZING

ihood of activity being trapped there. If the
Huts contuminated, and it cannot be cleansed

With regard ta the problen of dose rate. there
is essentially ne ditfererce on etfeer of ugar

cromeptey fv washing, clipping or shaving

dose delivered overt few seconds. a few minutes
ora few hours.

peud rot be delayed.

Tlowever a dose delivered aves

several days or weeks sal be much less effect ve
for some effects, thar

will the same cose

livered overa few mitites

635

de

Some data ndie tte

roughly asthe fourth root of the number of days
Jose

os given. thus. a ose oe

livered over 16 dave would be one-half ss etter
tive as the samme dose delivered over one aay
These relationst: ps were worked out om animals

using the so-called rer tangtlar” dose schedules.
e, @., doses delivered af a constant rite
‘There
are no data ava lible

oad mm evaluating ade

quately the effect of a constantiy ch caging dose
rate as encountered
Heston product tela

Also, the relationship ~ were worked out sig

apparently are dependent

effects

on total dese

iad

showlittle or no deper dence on dose rate.
6.34

The Effects of Beca Radiation From Fallout

Extensive bets lesicus from fallout

1 bimean

beings had not been encountered previous:
As described in Chaprer LET. the lesions. mn
elinteally and ft oistedogn all
Were COUSISTENT
with previous data on experomental burma

animal beta ray our

Several points shourd oe qiade rewarang ‘he
beta lesions from flout radiations.
eta oe

sions of the skii ane depthution ean veer

4

the absence of lethal cones of garmmit rays io
can be serious.

Thus -teps should be tiken o 9

prevent them.
Vneor would appene that. 4
reasonable preca tious they oun be prevented. or
at least marked] reduced si severmta. Conte
of the fallout with tie skincaun be prevented oo
remaming withia sittabre ssefter or by
ing ordinary Clethine
prevented, encly

wer

[fa XPOS Ure Ore nGn

ue

be ever

en

Portrouda:
Preil tse

Emitters

From

Che fallout material can be inhaled or invested und it will, of course, contaminate ex-

poseet food or water supplies.

Thus, as with

bert ourns the possibility of a hazard from this
As with the beta burns,
~OUEOR
OS possible.
however, the problem may not be too serious
tnd relatively simple measures will aid in minThe particle sizes of the
hiiézing exposure.
t Hout material probably will exceed the optiniad -ize for aimajor inhalation hazard. From

tatcon he Marshallese exposed to fallout, it 1s

tive stare where maximum probability of contamination of food and water supplies existed.
if the hazard was minimum under those conditions. t should be even less under conditions

of modern Amertean ving.

With all of the

resting of nuclear devices in Nevada and elseanhere, tie level of strontium, the most imporhor oosson preduet as far as internal hazard

conee ned, is still only about L1000 of the

oertssrble body burden as recommended by the
Notional Committee on Radiation Protection in
Nationa
Bureau of Standards Handbook 52,
tor udustrou workers 9).
The problem should not be neglected. howUN eT,
Toe etfects of internally deposited racio- ‘
eetive matertils may not become apparent for
amaipy years and, thus, the problem in the Marchallese wilh not be fully evaluated for vears.
lover. possible precaution against inhaling raor chive mitertial, or of ingesting contimuniited
food aned water should be taken.

Gras niasks

Hhat efcrenthy remove fission product particles
Som the vir ure available and even a wer cloth
veroche fae is of considerable value for this
fooese
Sprrkline of an aren ois effective in

uredr ad

edacthe the amount of dust im the aie
Pham
Hero sep and water will remove a large

of the skin and | suid prevent ar resser >
should

Internal

oat

Wie om plete decortrattiilar

severtoy of the lessor s

of

exposed persons was small. This is encouragng, since these people lived ina relatively prim-

longer-range effects such as cancer proquction,

Crenetic

Effects

~een that the degree of internal hazard in the

acute effects, such as oO day mortal ty and tots
not at all certa nn hew closely they apply to
shortening of | fe spam, ets

The

Fallout

that the effect of a co ven total dose decren~es
over which the

RALTATION

if toe

oF

Select target paragraph3