CHAPTER |, SECTION 1 materials at all points, it was possible to decrease substantially the norrnal time required for supply. [In inany cases, changes were received too late to be incorporated during the initial fabrication, but ii was possible to re-fabricate at the Jobsite without anv serious Joss of time. All materials, supplies and equipment were packed for export, using where necessary the facilities of a commercial export packing firm at Oakland, California. These were transported to the Jobsite in U.S. Navy or MSTS vessels and were landed at either Vare or Elmer where they were warehoused and then distributed as necded to the varioussites. Exploration was made early in the program to aetermine suitable sources of coral aggregate at Bikini Atoll, and from sampies tested dy the Field Engineering Division possible reef locations were selected. As the program developed. estimates were made of tonnages of aggregate anticipated for various areas and a schedule was established for quarrying and for crusher plant operations at those locations. The same general procedure was followed in determining locations and timing fer batch plant operations at different sites. This planning, plus the aquisition of a considerable amount of new construction equipment, made it possible to follow the construction program with minimum interference due to lack of equipment. The fact that B'kim Atoll had not been used in previous operations of this nature meant that some means had to be provided, either by channel clearance or by construction of causeways, to enable equipment and materials to be taken to cach island containing a Scientific Station. The distance between Atolls and the difficulty of water transportation at Bikini Atoll, because of the roughness of the lagoon, added considerably to the transportation probicm. The ficid prebiems encountered in construction of heavy preciselylocated reinforced concrete structures of high strength design were of comparable complexity to those encountered in previous operations and required close control at all points. Concrete samples were picked up at various construction sites and were taken to Eniwetok for testing in the laboratory at that site. In moving to Bikini Atoll, where the then existing survey data were inadequate, it was necessary to set up an extensive horizontal control network covering all major islands of the Atoll. Survey work was started ecarlv in the program and its progress required a considerable amount of brush and tree clearing on most islands as well as the rather difficult establishment of a rigid control point in mid-lagoon. Limited transportation, security requirements and the frequent change ir scope of work necessitated a careful balance of classifications of men at any one phase of the entire program and adequate forcasting of personnel needs. With the firming up of the requirements of the Operation, a rapid mobilization was effected through recruiting offices in Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Diego, Fresno and Honolulu. From the effective date of OPERATION CASTLE (1 January 1943) through 2 May 1954, a total of 3257 Travel Orders were processed covering single and multiple movement of personnel. The peak in contractual employees at the Jobsite was 2.313 and was reached on 7 December 1953, As critical need arose for certain classifications, security clearances became a problem, particularily with respect to the long investigating and processing period that was required before an applicant or employee's services were available to the project. Such problems were partially resolved through haison with the Los Angeles office of the Atomic Energy Commission and the Security Section of the office of the Eniwetok Field Manager. ‘Two basic types of authority granting access to the PPG were used; namely, the “P"' approval and the "Q” clearance. As the “P" approval did not authorize access to information classified ‘Restricted Data,” it was necessary to send home all “P” approved personnel from the Proving Ground for the period of the test operations. This was accomplished by 24 January 1954, MANAGEMENT The Contract was a Fixed-Fee ArchitectfEengineer - Construction - Management Contract with the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, administered by the Field Manager, Eniwetok Field Office, under the direction of the Manager, Santa Fe Operations Office. It was considered very effective for the purpose of this project. Within the framework of this Contract. the Atomic Energy Commission had wide latitude to change the scope of work or services ta be performed by the Contractor and at the same time protect all the rights and interests of the Government as to control of cxpenditures of funds. The centralization of authority and responsibility for all features of the project by the execution of the single consolidated Contract permits simultaneorts action on architect-engInver services, procurement of construction equipment and materials. recruiting and processing of manpower, construction, and operation; all of which are essential ingredients in planning c complex operation against a rigid end date. The General Manager of Holmes & Narver, 1s.c.. directly responsible to the President of the Company, was in charge of the over-all supervision of the Contract through the Controller, the Contract Administrator, Manager Construction-Operations Div., Chief Security Officer and Director of Engineering. The Manager,: Construction-Operation Div., exercised supervision over the conduct of the operations at the) Prov1 I ' Page 1-7 1 yf