Bikini

is 189 nmi

about 2.7 mimiles

(7

(40.2 km)

about 200 feet

km?)

(350

km)

east of Enewetak.

Its

islands cpnsist of

is 25

of surface area and encircle a lagoon thak

long and 15 miles
(61 meters).

(24.1 km)

wide, with a maximu n depth of

The land area is concentrated in t

he

eastern

islands, from Bikini to Eneu islands, which form about 53 perce nt of the
land total, with 24 percent taken up by the southern section of Enidrik to
Aeroko}.
the

The detonation area in the north occupies about 19 p

cent of

land area.

The climate of Enewetak and Bikini is tropical marine, gen
and humid.
to 32°C) .

Temperature changes are slight, ranging from 70° ¢
Rainfall

is moderate,

and prolonged droughts may oc

ally warm

90°F (21°
r.

of both atolls is open ocean for a thousand miles, with the on
island being Wake.
theless,

Storms are infrequent, although typhoons

both wind and sea are continuous erosional agents.

sible at any time, most tropical storms occur from September tq

North

inhabited
ur; neverthough posDecember.

Much cumulus cloud cover exists in the area.

The Enewetak-Bikini region incorporates three basic wind s' stems.

The

northeast trade winds extend from the surface to 25,000 to 30, 00 feet
(7.6 to 9.1 km), the upper westerlies from the top of the trad s to the
base of the tropopause at 55,000 to 60,000 feet

(16.8 to 18.3

im),

Krakatoa easterlies from the tropopause up into the stratosphe e.

and the
These

systems are all basically east-to-west or west-to-east current
day changes reflect the relatively small north-south component, which are
markedly variable.

Greatest variation occurs in the upper wesferlies,

particularly during late summer and fall.
The steady northeast trade winds in the lower levels caus

the water

at the surface of the lagoons to flow from northeast to south

st,

it sinks to the bottom and returns along the lower levels of

e Lagoons,

rising to the surface along the eastern are of the reefs and

lands,

where it is moved by the winds to the southwest again.

where

The lapoon waters

41

At

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