SPECIES COLLECTED, FEEDING HABITS, AND TROPHIC LEVEL RELATIONSHIPS

The principal species collected were selected because they are commonly

eaten by the Marshallese; relatively abundant; have different feeding habits;
and

for

some,

represent

species

for

which

previous

available at Enewetak and Bikini for comparison.

radiological

data

was

It was not always possible,

however, to obtain an adequate number of the same species at every location we
sampled because of tides,

insufficient time, unavailability of a species, and

depletion of a species at inhabited atolls.

Various

reef

fish

were

collected.

Mullet

Neomyxus chaptalii are herbivorous, detrital

Convict surgeonfish Acanthurus
and

filamentous. algae that grow on reef rock or on the base of dead coral.

The

growing

on

herbivorous

Naso

lituratus,

sandy

and

browsers

garbage dump areas.
browsers.

All

browsers

and

fronds

unicornfish

herbivorous

crenilabis

feeders that ingest considerable

quantities of bottom sediment along with food.
triostegus are

Crenimugil

also

rocky

but

feeding

a

herbivore,

areas.

will

on

small

browses

Rabbitfish

occasionally

algal

feed

on

larger

Siganus

on

fleshy

seaweed

rostratus
items

are

found

in

Rudderfish Kyphosus cinerascens are strictly herbivorous
8
the above fish belong to the second trophic level.

of

Goatfish Mulloidichthys

other benthic

fauna

including small clams, crustaceans, other invertebrates, and small fish.

This

species

belongs

to

samoensis

the

consume

third

fossorial

trophic

and

level. ®

Threadfin

Polydactylus

sexfilis feed strictly on benthonic fauna and also belong to the third trophic
level.°

Parrotfish

Scarus

sordidus

are

common’

reef-dwelling,

omnivores feeding on live coral heads and occasional algae.

grazing

Parrotfish are in

the fourth trophic leve1.®
Four
crocea,

species

of

clams,

Tridacna

gigas,

and Hippopus hippopus were collected.

sessile,

filter-feeding

mollusks

that

live

Tridacna

squamosa,

These

large

the

lagoon

on

Tridacna

invertebrates are
bottom

and

coral

reefs.
Larger benthic,

midwater,

collected from the lagoons.
the

third

trophic

level

and

surface

carnivores

were

also

occasionally

Grouper Epinephelus sp. are benthic carnivores of

that

feed

on

small

fish

and

invertebrates. °

Jacks

Caranx melampygus and Elegatis bipinnulatus (rainbow runner) are fast~swimming
carnivores

that

feed

on

small

fish

occasionally eat swimming crustacea.

and

squid.

Elegatis

bipinnulatus

may

Snappers Aprion virescens (grey snapper)

and Lutjanus bohar (red snapper) are hovering midwater-to-surface carnivores.

Select target paragraph3