RADIOLOGICAL CLEANUP OF ENEWETAK ATOLL

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concentrations in other soil and merited special handling. He believed they

represented “‘high-graded’’ material and, once brought under control,
should not again be released but should be retained in DOE-ERSP custody

until completion of the Runit effort. At that time, the DOE-ERSP would
propose and obtain approval of a disposal plan. He recognized that it was
highly probable that some particles remained in the Fig-Quince area and
could be unknowingly placed in the dome or remain unexcised, but he
believed that the fragments which had been found should remain undér

DOE control.?>

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The JTG J-2 and DOE-ERSP technicians on the atoll reviewed data
available on the fragments from the FRST survey and other files and
conducted a radiological sampling of the physical material. It was
determined that the total of all material collected in bags measured

approximately 60 millicuries of transuranics. The fragments themselves

appeared to be weathered metal, some of which had concrete or soil
attached, rather than high-graded plutonium. The transuranic content of
the fragments, which had been the cause of concern, wasrelatively low.?6

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Because of these findings, the bags of material were placed in the Donut
Hole and choked with concrete slurry.?7

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RUNIT DEBRIS CLEANUP
Although the EIS required disposal of all hazardous debris and crater
containment of all radiologically contaminated debris, the cleanup of
debris on Runit had been accomplished less rigourously than on other
islands. This was not intended, or realized, by the Director, DNA or
Commander, Field Command. It was apparently fostered by the concept
that, since Runit would be quarantined, cleanup of debris there was a low-

priority task. Too, since the debris was near the crater and transportation

was not complicated, the cleanup could beset aside until the end of the
soil-cement phase was near. Both of these views turned out to be illconceived. In reports from the atoll in September 1978, the CJTG

interpreted the tasking to clean Runit soil to 160 pCi/g using available
resources as applying to debris cleanup as well.?8.99 This interpretation

drew a strong response from the Director, DNAtotheeffect that all debris
on Runit must be removed. Nevertheless, Runit debris cleanup continued
to be given low priority by the USAE well into 1979.
Runit debris had been surveyed initially by the FRST in July 1977.
Another debris survey was conductedfor the radiological characterization
of Runit in December 1977. Additional surveys were madein the latter.
half of 1978. Some of these surveys were directed primarily toward
identifying hazardous areas for radiological safety and control, rather than

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