RECOMMENDATIONS After careful review of all available radrological data recommendations are us follows the Task Ciroup members! specific LR The people of Lnewetak Atoll may be safety returned to their provided certain actions are taken and precautions observed. 2, In the interest of achieving a minimum practicable radiation ose for Lnewetak people the Task Giroup recommends that: homeland the a. the first villages and resifiences be construeted on ELMER, FREI, DAVID, or on any of the southern tslands (ALVIN-KLITH) that the Enewetak people choose. be Growth of all subsistence crops such as pandanus, breadfruit, tacea, pigs, etickens, and all other terrestrial food stuffs except coconul be e. Subsistence and comiuerttal coconut may be grown without remedial measures on any island in the Atoll except ALICE, BELLE, CLARA, DAISY, IREN 1, JANET, and } VONNE, ltuiited to islands ALVIN-KEITH. qd. bishing be permitted anywhere. e Travel be unrestricted to all islands except YVONNE. f. oP g h. When the Pu containination on YVONNE ts removed, the restriction of travel to that island canbelifted. vild birds and bird's eggs be collected anywhere. Coconut crabs (ALVIN-KEITH), be collected only on the southern islands Wells which are intended to provide lens water for human consumption or for agmcultural use be dnlled only on the southern islands low levels of radioactivity. The Task Gireup recommends the second approach as one having minimal adverse impact on the island environment. Ihe researeh program in 3 above should also include a deteriaination of radioactivity levels tn coconut and other food crops produced on PiLARL, CLARA, ALICk, and BELLL. YVONNE should also be included after removal of plutonium contaminated soil. All pachoactive scrap operations, b. Spemfically included in this will establish a background trom whieh plans ean be nade for recovery of plutomum on YYONNE, a. “ team of experts should be assembled who can uake and interpret field radiation and radiogctivity measurements, advise on cleanup actions envolyving plutonium and other radionuclides, and provide necessary health physics support including protection of workers, decontamination of workers and equipment, and packaging and handling of collected contaminated inaterals, A Public Health Service group, which is now part of the tnvironmental Protection Apeney, LP A, provided radiological assistance for cleanup of Stoll Hikint Similar support should be sought from TPA for Lnewetak ( teanup. be Deeontamimation of YVONNE 1s seen as an interactive process, namely, feinoval of soi, momtomng of radioactivity levels, and removal of more sou. Thrs amounts to a search for the higher plutomum levels in soil with removal arcoming to the guidance provided. o The objectives of the cleanup are twee a would be within acceptable enteria bul no sail removed. In either case, housing consteuction and planting of subsistence and conmmercial crops would be deferred until research with test plantings showed acceptably removed. island beginning at a line drawn froin the ocean reef to lagoon 60 meters north of the tower (Hardtack Station 1310) to CACTUS Crater, See tig. 152, page I-17, Appendix IL Presented are some of the requireinents and objectives that it 1s reasonable to expect that one day the island can be Conduct of studies using Lest plantings to determine when exposures be The distribution of plutoniuin contamination on YVONNE ts sufficiently complex that specific recommendations for cleanup cannot be presented, It 1s expected that the true picture of this contamination will unfold as the decontamination effort proceeds. The area observed to have pieces of plutomurs and the highest soil concentrations 1s the interior and shoreline of the resettled. There appear to be two possible approaches: Soi removal followed by studies using test plantings to deterinine when exposure for Enjebi residents would be within acceptable criterta. should \toll before cleanup is begun or before completion, an authonty responsible for enforcement of the quarantine should be identified and should be in residence in the Atoll when people return. on that sslagd. The island contains three ground zero locations from nuclear tests and was within about 3 miles of the Vike event that had a@ total yield ot about 10 Vegatons, According to the survey results presented in NV-140, a. too ihe quarantine of YVONNE, put into effect by the Air Force on ‘ay 26, 1972, should be continued in effect until the cleanup of plutomum contamination on that islend has been completed. Should any Enewetak people return to the well is approved for use. of the Vtoll, tt removed, It is recognized that the people of Lnjeti have @ strong desire (o return to live Lnjebi was the most heavily contaminated of the larger islands in the Atoll, the recommendation are the three locations on SALLY and one on ELMER where contammated debris is Known to be buried. This deoris should be exhinmed and {ALVIN-KEITH). When drilled, water from each well should be checked for bacteria, salimty and radioactivity content before the The Task Group has been unable to determine any way in which radiation exposures can he brought within the acceptable eriterta, that ts both rehiahle and feasible, in order to resettle Enjebi at the same time as islands in the south inetal and contaminated debris identified during Holmes and Narver Engineering Survey should be removed. If additional contaminated debris is discovered in the course of cleanup and rehabilitation Recovery of the pieces of ptutoniun that have been observed on of near the island surface. Some contain milligram quantities of plutonrum imetal and are easily detected with held survey instruments such as the FIDLER. (2) Recovery of plutonium contaminated soil. ‘lo a approximation, the focation of the zones of ligher coucentrations are shown In the survey profile samples. FIGURE 2-2. RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE REPORT BY THE AEC TASK GROUP ON RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CLEANUP AND REHABILITATION OF ENEWETAK ATOLL,JUNE 19, 1974. first Pu