in whicn 2 = x Lecause, with stochastle enersy depusition, and LLE,
Cele
expectation value of the mean cell dose is invartant with exousure,.
Eq. (1) coafirns
that DBD to the organ system {ts mot a duse at all, wren
Tv
{ts equivalent is provided Cor tre level of bivolostcrl orgarizaction
appropriate
C>
the “late singserceli
and carcinogenesis.
expressed
equa]
asf
Rather,
Tnis
numerically
to
8
it {s
initiated effects” of LLE, mutaceies $3"
the exposure of
frovorttional
to
the cell population,
the risk of
a ecvll
che expectation value of Sifhp.
“object-orleated quantity”
is
proportional
being
This
to the petmacy indevendent
“€feld-orcientea” vartable exposure E, expressed as f (see bq.
witn D becoming E, a rational basis
relationship is provided,
Detween dose and
credulity,
(stochastical.iy)
{s quite plausible.
is done
tndfviduals, oc of
The facc
Fiz.
3,
enuwd
as =, of
the number of
Chuse snowins a quantal ces,onse
the
the basic orublen when one attempts, as
ofloloyical response in terms of a singie
Che proportional parameter U.
Chg.
be.
in
Gait
upper
the exposures. fe axes which
shown in the
Funetion of
panei.
it.e.,
the cell dose,
le
ao
is cepicted
lower panel.
cell dose distributions,
It
to defy
This
is depicted
the lowec panel of which shows conceptually any one of
an
points
tends
that 0 1S exposure and not dose also prsvices
what is
in Figz.-1, to express
L.e.,
the “Linear-non-thnreeshols”
relationship between exposure E and
dosed
3).
i.@., alchough a purported linear relationsntp
a Significant statement of
variabdie,
for
the probability of as quantal cesponse
such a
avused,
Chvedraimensienai
in
the curves
SoGemactic,
o%
the sane curve ang labeled
Uu the Nif/uprcell dose axes are
the
the celative uumbers of cells dosed, as a
z.
then Zecomes addintonally clear
that eaco point in the linear curve
does not represent a single vaiue of cell dose, with all dosed
indivicuals
having received nominally the same value, as
tern
“dose-response” curve.
distribution
representing
to have a Z,
implied tn the
Rather, each point equates
zrvups
distributions ace implied in Eq.
obviously,
is
of
cells
to an entire
with different doses.
(1) showing that D @ ZP is
Such
in that
there must exist a curresponding distribution.
Tre
nunbec of dosed cells at each value of Z represents a graded serfes of c+
doses,
tdentical
in
concept
to
such a
sertles
used
in
Md
w ceternine
probability of an vegan response Curve as a functicn of douse.
the