199 Acute and chronic intakes of fallout radionuclides @ S. L. SIMoNn ET AL. Table Al. (Continued) Parameter sets Marshallese la 1b (preferred) Ic 2a 2b (preferred) 2c Average of data sets 1b and 2b (applied to Marshallese) Military personnel (Rongerik Atoll) Iodine intake Iodine loss via Iodine loss via 158 176 194 121 121 121 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 105 105 105 69 51 32 194 15.2 145 (ug d7') feces (ug d~') — — urine (ug dé!) S17 urinary excretion day 16 2.32 1.97 1.70 2.12 1.55 9.84 — measurements made on Marshallese with physiologically reasonable values for other parameters. In particular, we proposed reasonable rates of daily water intake for tropic locations, ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 L d-'. To simulate the group-average urine observed by Harris, we maintained 500 mL d' urine excretion x x x x x x 104 104 104 104 1074 10° 1.76 x 10+ SY urinary excretion day 17 2.17 1.85 1.59 1.98 1.45 9.21 x x x x x x 1 urinary excretion day 19 1074 1074 1074 1074 104 10° 1.88 1.60 1.38 1.72 1.26 7.99 1.65 x 107" — — x x x x X x 1074 104 1074 107+ 1074 10° 1.43 x 107+ 1.85 x 107+ implying perspiration losses from 1 Ld! to2Ld'. Webased the urine losses on the concept that water lost via perspiration (sweat) is the difference between water intake and daily urine volume. Those assumptions are supported by experimental studies in tropical climates (e.g., in Tanzania, see Dore et al. 1975), Urinary Excretion Fraction for 1 0.0004 0.0003 0.0002 0.0001 ---------r ——&— Averageof excretion functions for preferred assumptions for Marshallese (data sets 1b and 2b, see Table A.1) —t_+— ICRP(1993) assumptions —— Assumptionsfor military personnel (Rongerik) 10 15 1 20 Days (post-intake) Fig. A2. Comparison of temporal pattern of urinary excretion fractions for '*'I as derived from simulation of a thyroid biokinetic model (see text) for (i) average of functions for two sets of preferred assumptions for Marshallese (see Table Al), (11) ICRP (1993) assumptions, and (ili) assumptions for military personnel on Rongerik. Note that the values of the excretion fraction were only used for days of urine sampling (day 16, 17, and 19 for Marshallese, and day 19 for Rongerik military personnel).