selected for all decking because it is decay resistant, stands up well

under heavy usage, and cuts and handles well during construction, The
thickness of the deck was made four inches for better distribution of
heavy wheel loads and allowance for wear.

The load assumption for design

was a seven ton single wheel concentration, distributed over three 4~-inch

by 16-inch stringers, 16-inch 0.C,

When it was decided to locate the zero tower for the Aaaon Group

experiment site om Eberiru, a contimious roadway between Aomon and Eberiru
was desirable to expedite construction at the latter location. This was
initially accomplished by bulldozing an underwater roadway course on the

reef between the islands, Meanwhile, a design requirement had been established for a conduit for coaxial cable. Investigation by Engineering

Division personnel at the site revealed that an earth-fill causeway would
provide the most economical direct route for the cable. In addition, such
& causeway could be used as an allweather roadway. The resulting recos-

mendation was followed and necessary drawings were provided,

No design was necessary for the earth fill causeway itself, but the
Structural and Electrical Departments of the Home Office Engineering
Division designed the coax ducts to meet the safety cover requirements
of the proposed experiments.
It was necessary that each island having any appreciable ameunt of
passenger or freight hamdlimg should have a landing pier for the handling

of heavier freight and ecomomy of umloading directly from larger floating
craft, Standards established called for eight to tem feet depth of water
at low tide at the pierhead, but three to three and one-half feet depth
was considered sufficient to accommodate smaller craft at the less import~
ant landings.

Pier locations were chosen coincident with Sandstone approaches only
when an economy was apparent. Considerations in new locations were exist~

ing depth of water, ease of channel clearing, and probability of surviving

the detonations. Convenience of location to shore installations or length
of sea distance, was a major consideration only on Eniwetok and Parry
Islands where these factors were important.

Studies centered about the various degree of usage to which each
pier would be subjected. Points considered included the method of handling cargo, the heaviest single load likely to be handled, and the maximum load of temporary storage of material on the pier.

A live load of

300 pounds per square foot was finally agreed upon for the heavier piers,

(Concentrated loads accasioned

capacity at 30 foot boam radius.)

a 20-ton traveling crane, or five-tonz

No concentrated loads were anticipated

for the lighter piers, but the 300 pound loading factor was maintained
for any occasional or emergency use.

Consideration was given the probability that sudden changes in the
field might require piers to be built on such brief notice that to await
on-continent design for individual structures would cause serious delay.

Therefore, typical designs were drawn for freight, passenger, and

5-297

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