72 RADIOLOGICAL CLEANUP OF ENEWETAK ATOLL analyses were included in the survey report.4? Secondary foods such a pandanus, breadfruit, and arrowroot were even less plentiful. Therefore the survey sampled the wild, inedible plants which were available, eg. Messershmidia and Scaevola. Since there were no domestic animals Enewetak, the survey included extensive sampling of rats as ap alternative. Wild birds, bird eggs, crabs, and turtles were also part of the sampling effort, to provide data for terrestrial food ingestion dose estimates. Although survey plans included the sampling of wells and rain for drinking water,43 no such samples from these sources were taken. (4 water sample was taken from the distillation plant on Enewetak (Freq) Island. No radioactivity was in the water, but two samples of sludge from the plant showed positive strontium-90 and plutonium-239. The high plutonium-239 value was 56 pico curies per gram, pCi/g.).44 Since most of the edible plants which would be consumed by thedri. Enewetak after resettlement were not growing at Enewetak Atoll at the time of the survey, the major terrestrial sampling effort involved soil. Expectations were that, with an understanding of the amount of tadioactivity in the soil, estimates could be made of the amount of radioactivity in plants when grown in that soil. Soil samples were collected from random locations on the surface (top 15 cm) of each island at a frequency which averaged about 1.5 samples per hectare. Sampling locations were estimated relative to landmarks, as engineering surveyors were not available. Profile samples, extending to depths of 1.8 meters, were taken at a frequency averaging about 0.2 samples per hectare. The radiological exclusion area on Runit was much more intensely covered. Profile samples were taken at each location on a uniform grid. The marine sampling program concentrated on fish which are commonly eaten by the Marshallese. This includes the reef and bottom (lagoon) feeders as well as pelagic species. Approximately 800 samples of fish and other marine life were obtained.45 Sediment and water samples from the lagoon and from water-filled craters were also taken. Air sampling was limited.46 Samples had been collected for 5 days when the program was interrupted by Typhoon Olga on 23 October 1972. Following the typhoon, samples were collected for 3 weeks. Samplers included low- and ultra-high-volume types, as well as a_ particle spectrometer. The samplers were operatedat six locations on five islands. Samples were processedinitially at Enewetak (scanned, homogenized, packaged, etc.) and then returned to CONUSfor analysis.4? A gamma Spectral analysis was made on each sample at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLL), and then samples were analyzed radiochemically for radionuclides which are not amenable to gamma spectral analysis. These later analyses were conducted at a number of commercial and governmentallaboratories. Quality control of these laboratories consisted 2 emnenmnemnnsmmecesnesstee,