396

RADIOLOGICAL CLEANUP OF ENEWETAK ATOLL

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with coral pinnacles, the landing area was a narrow point of sand, and
the
current through the funnel was extremely strong. DOE-ERSP re-1My Peg

the island and estimated that 24,500 cubic yards of soil, muchof it in the

brush windrows, was over 80 pCi/g.

The consensus on Enewetak was that Lujor could not be cleaned if the
target date for completing the crater cap were to be met.8 However, the

JTG Commander, Western Command Project Officer, and the new

Director of Enewetak Operations at Field Command (Colonel! Robert L
Peters, USA, who had replaced COL Treat in November 1978) believe it

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was possible to clean Lujor, as well as Runit.69 Review of the amount of

soil remaining to

be encrypted from Boken,

Enjebi, and Aomon

determined that sufficient volumn remainedin the Cactus Crater dometg
accommodate all of that soil plus that to be removed from Lujor without

exceeding a dome height of 25 feet. Even then, up to 12,000 cubic yards
from the highest areas of contamination on Runit; i.e., Fig-Quince still

could be accommodated. The alternative was to devote all resources to

seme

cleanup of Runit, to do no cleanup of Lujor, and to risk—after moving
significant amounts of soil and excavating in depth—no changein the
overall island status for Runit.
Favorable aspects of the Lujor proposal included: (1) the Lujor effort
would have a significant impact since its status would be changedto the

benefit of the dri-Enewetak; (2) the final status of Lujor would meetthe

original agreed position/condition in the EIS and Master Plan; (3)
excavated soil could be transported and accommodated in the Cactus

Crater as designed within current time schedules; and (4) intensiveeffort

could be applied simultaneously to both Runit (to keep the soil-cement

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operation in high gear) and Lujor, to the benefit of the total project.

Despite the expected problems with access to Lujor, soil trafficability,
additional bulk-haul boat configuration requirements, and increasedstrain

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on already over-taxed and worn equipment, the Director, DNA decidedat

a March 1979 meeting to attempt the cleanup of Lujor soil over 80 pCi/g
and, concurrently, to clean Runit using the remaining resources.’ Within
a week, the USNE’s WBCT and EOD teamsbegan operations to widen
and deepen the channel. Using thousands of pounds of explosives, the
channel eventually was altered to accommodate both LCM-8 and LCU
craft. Channel improvement operations were completed in mid-April 1979.
Initial attempts to bring LCM-8s into shore were hazardous, but

successful. The strong tradewinds, in combination with the swift currentin
the channel, demandedthe highestskills on the part of the boat coxswains
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and crews. Thedifficulties experienced by the LCM-8s indicated that even
greater hazards would be experienced by the larger LCU craft. Underclose
supervision, and using the best boat operators available, an LCU, using
full power, negotiated the channel with extreme difficulty after four
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