LCUNLENIDS Research and Development Administration (ERDA); and, on | October i977, it became part of the Department of Energy (DOE). This organizationis referred to in this documentary by the name in effect at the time of the event being described. This report was compiled by membersof the Field Command staff with the assistance of Headquarters, DNA; Headquarters Joint Task Group, and other personnel who wereinvolved in the cleanup of Enewetak Atoll. The principal authors were Colonel Robert L. Peters, Director of Enewetak Operations at Field Commandfor over 2 years of the project, and Mr. David L. Wilson, Chief of Logistics Services Division and one of the principal planners at Field Command from the project’s inception. The viewpoint represented is intended to be that of the Defense Nuclear Agency alone, and not necessarily that of the other agencies involved. FOREWORD «2.0.00 kt teens vil PREFACE.......... bbe deeb bebe bbe b ebb ene bende eens 1X CHAPTER 1 DESCRIPTION AND HISTORY: 1526-1972 Geography ..........0 0.0000 c cee eee coo ll Geology .. 0... 0. eee eee 4 Climate 2000 teens 13 Hydrology .......0 0000.0 ccc cee eee eee 14 Flora and Fauna ..............00005 ee 15 People 0.0.0.0... eens 21 Economy and Politics 20.0.0... 0.0.0. e eee eee 21 Religion . 0.0.0... cette ee 25 Land Use 0.0... 00. et eens Diet... 00 cette ene Population .......0. 00.000 l cee eens Discovery Era: 1526-1886 ....... Deane eee eeeees German Protectorate: 1886-1914 ................. Japanese Mandate: 1914-1944 ....000..00..0..0...... Battle of Enewetak: February 1944 ............... The Nuclear Age Begins: July 1945 ..........0..... Operation Crossroads: June-July 1946 ............ Establishment of AEC and AFSWP .............. Establishment of Enewetak Proving Ground: July-December 1947 ................. 25 27 27 29 29 29 30 34 36 37 Operation Sandstone: April-May 1948 ............ Construction Activities ......... 0.0.0.0 eee eee eee Operation Greenhouse: April-May 1951............ Operation Ivy: October-November 1952 .......... 4] 42 45 48 37 Living on Ujelang .............. 00 ecu eee eee eee 39 Operation Castle: February-May 1954 ............ 49 Operation Redwing: May-July 1956 ............... 51 Operation Hardtack I: April-August 1958 ......... 52 PT Tit Tre eer a eee eee ee ee ee map