TABLE 2. ALTERNATIVE METHODS TO REHABILITATE SOTL ON BIKINI ATOLL: THETR MITIGATION CHECK-LIST OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ANDO A comparison and summary of the principal environmental effects of the major cleanup approaches (assigned roman numerals} and their alternate components (arabic numerals) and subcomponents (alpha characters). The effects are divided into two categories: unavoidable and avoidable, and measures to reduce or avoid adverse effects are listed afterwards. The alternatives and components are presented in descending order of environmental preference after the no-action alternative. TYPE OF ACTION AVOIDABLE ADVERSE EFFECTS UNAVOIDABLE AOVERSE EFFECTS T. NO ACTION (SPONTANEOUS DECAY OF UNSTABLE CESIUM) ] . No action ° Continued social, cultural and (of any kind) economic effects indefinitely ° Lack of access to Bikini Atoll for resettlement 2. Oetay able to the Bikinians Continued social and cultural Same as above Monetary compensation for the istanders' inconvenience Islanders resettle in a more desirable and centralized location in the interim Restrictive diet and activities Ship or fly in fresh foods on a regular basis. Enforce and monitor dietary restrictions on locally grown food Restrictive diet and Ship or fly in some fresh foods on a impacts until resettlement accomplished (80 years) this alternative would be unacceptable to the Bikinians 3. Allow resettlement but only control diet Assumption is made that none would be accomplished. Continued decentralized occupation of islanders on Kili and other less desirable sites this alternative is unaccept- resettlement MEASURES TO AVOID OR REDUCE ADVERSE EFFECTS Delayed consumption of locally grown food for 80 years this alternative would be unpo- pular or unacceptable to the Bikinians 4. Phased or partial resettlement (beginning with Eneu Is.) T1. ~ May be unacceptable to the activities Bikinians unless the early cleanup of Bikini Island is reqular basis. Enforce and monitor dietary restrictions on locally grown food included. NON SOTL EXCAVATION ALTERNATIVES 5. Chemical treatment using potassium ferti- lizer (assumes no removal of Restrictive diet and activities Delayed consumption of locally grown food for an unspecified time period (less than 80 years) Minor localized increases in marine productivity for potassium fertilizers ground cover) containing nutrients 6. Biological Extraction Destroy and. burn at least Air and dust emissions from Delayed consumption of locally grown crops for a old and new vegetation that may be excessive Restrictive diet and activities harvesting and burning of some vegetation time period not substan- tially less than 80 years 7. Washing soil with seawater Temporary disruption of groundwater Delayed consumption of locally grown foods for a time period not substan- ° Destroy some vegetation o Restrictive diet and activities a9) 33 Ld ' Use potassium additives with reduced levels of phosphate, nitrite, nitrate or ammonium, if warranted ° Air emission controls, if warranted Save important existing plants or trees, if feasible Ship or fly in fresh food Revegetate with desirable plants as soon a$ Soil salinity is decreased Minimize removal of vegetation, especially valuable plants and trees ° Proper disposal of ash residues Ship or fly in fresh food tially less than 80 of wo * Ship or fly in fresh foods on a regular basis. Enforce and monitor dietary restrictions on locally grown food years - E-2a