Summary of External Doses for Operation PLUMBBOB as of 1 May 1986
Gamma Dose (rem)

0-0.5

0.5-1

1-3

3-5

5-10

10+

Army

6,242

737

528

55

22

2

Navy

401

36

130

4

2

1

1,678

118

102

22

18

4

726

1,244

176

1

1

0

819

22

22

0

0

0

Air Force
Marine Corps
Civilian DOD

Participants

4.15

OPERATION HARDTACK I.
HARDTACK was the designation for U.S. nuclear testing in both the Pacific

and in Nevada during 1958.

Phase I, discussed in this section, consisted of

34 Pacific nuclear detonations, which was as many as had been fired in all
prior oceanic tests.

The series encompassed a wide variety of events, as

indicated in the accompanying table (19: 23,24).
All but two of the detonations were at Enewetak and Bikini Atolls in the
Marshall Islands.

TEAK and ORANGE, high-altitude detonations, occurred 42 and

76 kilometers over Johnston Island, which lies about 700 nautical miles westsouthwest of the Hawaiian Islands.

A Honolulu resident described the TEAK

burst, which took place 10 minutes before midnight, in a front-page story for
the 1 August Honolulu Star-Bulletin (19: 1,266):
I stepped out on the lanai and saw what must have
been the reflection of the fireball. It turned from
light yellow to dark yellow and from orange to red.
The red spread in a semi-circular manner until it

seemed to engulf a large part of the horizon.

A cloud rose in the center of the circle.

quite large and clearly visible.
for about a half hour.

119

It was

It remained visible

Select target paragraph3