CHAPTER I, SECTION 1 siderable credit is due the Transportation Sec- tion, JTF-7, for its success in obtaining additional, unallocated lift; the cooperation of all parties to the agreement led to the success in meeting operational dates. SIGNIFICANT ENGINEERINGCONSTRUCTION. The major items of construction requiring careful scheduling were as follows: (1) Shot-island camps. (2) Permanent base structures. (3) Large concrete test structures. (4) Steel shot towers. (5) Vacuum pipe arrays. (6) Man-madeislands and causeways. (7) Communication installations. Because construction of shot-island camps was to be simple and inexpensive in view of their intended short use, and since standard designs for most of the expendable buildings were available, the responsibility for the design of these camps was delegated to the Field Engineering Force. This permitted the efforts of the Home Office Engineering Staff to be directed toward close liaison with the scientific agencies and the design of complex scientific structures. Early in the Operation, the Contractor had been authorized to station representatives at both LASL and UCRLto assist in expediting design criteria. The engineering necessary for the shot-island camps included an evaluation of each site to determine the most suitable location for a camp, preferably adjacent to an accessible part of the beach in order that landing facilities could be provided with a minimum of cost, channel excavation, and shore transport. The camp was also to be in a location least likely to interfere with scientific requirements. Each camp was laid out to be self-contained. Power, fresh and salt water systems, sewage disposal, and recreation, medical and communication fa- cilities were provided. Each camp was provided with an area for landing helicopters and/or L-20 type aircraft and facilities for handling materials and personnel from small marine craft. Because Elmer and Nan, the main bases of operations for their respective Atolls, were provided with considerable warehouse space, only limited ware- housing for receiving materials was provided at the shot-island camps. The construction of the shot-island camps was fairly routine. The procedures and techniques for this type of work had been well established through the years of previous experi- ence at the Proving Ground. Prefabrication at established bases was used extensively for building trusses, wall panels, and assemblies of plumbing items. From the initial undertaking in April 1955 until late October, at which time test facility drawings began arriving at the Jobsite, the construction effort could be directed towards completing these camps as scheduled. Men and equipment were adequate during this period, and schedules, with few exceptions, were essentially met. Shortages of certain construction items in the electrical and plumbing fields prevented 100 per cent completion of a few projects as scheduwled, but in all cases the buildings or facilities were ready when needed for operational requirements. Most of the construction of the permanent base (P&E) projects included in the Fiscal Year 1955 Budget was accomplished without unusual incident during the interim period following CASTLE. In order that those projects which were urgently required for REDWING andinitially included in the FY 1956 Budget could be completed in time, it was necessary that ma- terial procurement be started as early after 1 July 1955 as possible. Therefore, authority was granted the Contractor on 25 May 1955 to perform advance planning and design so that the necessary approvals from User Agencies could be obtained and purchase orders awarded as early as possible. Preliminary estimates and requisitions for building materials were prepared in June 1955. Funds were made available, and purchase orders for building materials were awarded on 11 August 1955. Approval for site grading and concrete foundations for some of the buildings were received in advance of the approval of completed design, and this preliminary work was undertaken. The approval of the com- plete designs was received in late September and in early October. About this time it became evident that, due to the expanding test program and the resulting increase in participating personnel, additional billeting facilities and other miscellaneous items beyond those originally contemplated for Elmer would be necessary, and these were then authorized. Though unavoidable under the budgeting program and design approval process, the construction of per- manent base projects beginning in late 1955 presented a real problem. Planning of this work anticipated that these projects could be integrated into the over-all construction program and would be accomplished concurrently with scientific structures. Due to the urgency that developed for the construction of these scientific structures, it became necessary to shift men and equipment to this work and to defer those per- manent base projects that were not vital to the REDWING Operation. Therefore, the over-all progress attained on these projects was not generally in phase with the predicted progress. Page 1-13