which cold net be carri.d in other types of ships. Each time the LSD muvel a shot barge, the 4 extca Snice in tre well vo utilized to carry load-d LCU’s betweea a bot. Cubs: 3.7.8 Off-ato!l Activities Ow:ns to che expand:t facilities at Eniwetok and the inctusicn of Bikini Atoll in PPG, offatull activities wer2 reduced in cers arison to the number of such activities in Operation Ivy. Of a total of nine off-atell prciects, eight were spensored by DON. Five of the off-atull projects required no active or continuous sugport from this head- quarters other than notification of shut delays. In general these were concerned with longrange effects and used existiny facilities within their own organizations. The projects involved in off-atoil activities were as follows: 1. Project 1.2: Acoustic pressure signals in water, with various stations in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. 2. Project 1.6: Water-wave studies, a project participating both locally and at stations at Midway, Wake, Guam, and California. 3. Project 4.1: Biomedical stulles, which were established after Shrimp at Kwajalein to Study the effects of the inadve.teat fall-out on the residents of Rongerix and Rongelap Atolls. 4, Project 7.1: Electroaiagnetic radiation calibraticn, with stations in the United States, Hawaii, Alaska, Scotland, and Greentand. §. Project 7.2: Detecticn of airborne low-frequency sound, with stations in Japan, Hawaii, Alaska, Greenland, and Germary. The four other projects operating off-atoll for which direct support was arranged by this headquarters were as follows: 1. Projects 2.5a, 2.56: Fall-out distribution studies at Kwajalein, Ponape, Kusaie, and Majuro. 2. Project 17.1: Microbarograpny, with stations at Kwajalein and Poneve. 3. Project 6.6; Ionospheric effects studies at Rongerik. The gross fall-out collectors of Projects 2.5a and 2.50 required no support during the operation and were collected after Runt I. The microbarographic stations on Kwajalein and Ponape required weekly visits for rotation of personnel, Scheduled MATSairlift was used when possible, but an occasional sp:cial PBM or SA-16 flight was required to accomplish this rotation. Boat transportation to secondary stations, necessarily several miles removed from the base stations, was provided locally. The greatest support difficulties were experienced in connection with Rongerik Atoll and Project 6.6, where LST 551 was damaged during unloading of equipment on the beach in January and was out of commission during the criticalbuild-up period. The station had to be abar Zen: * in March owing to excessive fall-out s‘jand was only reactivated in April by p:u- viding off-shore support for the personnel in the form of a PC or DDE. The project peo: - lived aboard the vessels a:.1 manned the staticn through expected shot times. The rotatic. of these people and those of Project 17.1 at Ponape was frequently hamperedby a critical shortage of aircraft space. 3.8 , ‘ a SHOT-PHASE EVACUATION 3.8.1 Planning As soon as it was determined that consideration of blast and radiological hazards would require gemplete evacuation of personnel except the Firing Party from Bikini Atoll for the first tes . band probably for subsequent tests, planning for such evacuations com- menced in the ZI to be sure that adequate facilities, especially seagoing vessels, were provided. For planning purposes the monthly status reports of the projects yielded much information with regard to the location of instrumented stations, the numbers of people involved, and their distribution throughout the atoll. Because of the size and scope of the operation, it was planned to establish a chronological check list for each of the shots, listing the activities to take place 45