Abstract: Plutonium and americium sediment-animal transfer was studied
under controlled laboratory conditions by exposure of the benthic
polychaete Nereis diversicolor (O. F. Mueller) to marine sediments
contaminated by a nuclear bomb accident (near Thule, Greenland) and
nuclear weapons testing
(Enewetak Atoll).
In both sediment regimes,
bioavailability of plutonium and {sup 241}Am was low, with specific
the
activity in the tissues <1% (dry wt) than in the sediments. OVer the
first three months, a slight preference in transfer of plutonium over
{sup 241}Am occurred and {sup 241}Am uptake from the Thule sediment was
enhanced compared to that from lagoon sediments of Enewetak Atoll.
Autoradiography studies indicated the presence of hot particles of
plutonium in the sediments. The results highlight the importance of
purging animals of their gut contents in order to obtain accurate
estimates of transuranic transfer from ingested sediments into tissue.
It is further suggested that enhanced transuranic uptake by some
benthic species could arise from ingestion of highly activity particles
and organic-rich detritus present in the sediments. (author).
Major Descriptors: *AMERICIUM 241 -- ANNELIDS; *AMERICIUM 241 -- SEDIMENTS;
*AMERICIUM 241 -- UPTAKE; *PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES -- ANNELIDS; *PLUTONIUM
ISOTOPES -- SEDIMENTS; *PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES -- UPTAKE
Descriptors: AQUATIC ORGANISMS; CONTAMINATION; FALLOUT; GREENLAND; MARSHALL
ISLANDS; NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS; RADIONUCLIDE KINETICS
Broader Terms: ACTINIDE ISOTOPES; ACTINIDE NUCLEI; ALPHA DECAY
RADIOISOTOPES; AMERICIUM ISOTOPES; ANIMALS; EXPLOSIONS; HEAVY NUCLEI;
INVERTEBRATES; ISLANDS; ISOTOPES; MICRONESIA; NUCLEI; OCEANIA; ODD-EVEN
NUCLEI; RADIOISOTOPES; SPONTANEOUS FISSION RADIOISOTOPES; YEARS LIVING
RADIOISOTOPES
Subject Categories: 560162*
-- Radionuclide Effects, Kinetics, &
Toxicology -- Animals, Plants, Microorganisms, & Cells
540230
-- Environment, Terrestrial -- Radioactive Materials Monitoring
& Transport -- (1990-)
10/5/338
(Item 38 from file: 103)
03244179
EDB-92~-006936
Title: Bioremediation demonstration on Kwajalein Island: Site
characterization and on-site biotreatability studies
Author(s) /Editor(s): Siegrist, R.L.; Korte, N.E.; Pickering, D.A.
Ridge National Lab.,
Univ.,
Knoxville,
Corporate Source:
TN
TN
(United States));
(United States))
Oak Ridge National Lab.,
4832000)
Sponsoring Organization:
DOE
USDOE,
Publication Date: Sep 1991
(229 p)
Report Number(s):
ORNL/TM-11894
Phelps,
TN
Washington,
DC
Journal Announcement:
Availability: OSTI;
Distribution:
Subfile:
ERA
Exchange);
(Code:
(United States)
3733
he
EDB9201
NTIS;
(Report) :1
(Energy
NTS
(Oak
(Tennessee
(United States)
Order Number: DE92002387
Contract Number (DOE): AC05-840R21400
Note: Environmental Sciences Division Publication No.
Document Type: Report
Language: In English
T.J.
(NTIS).
GPO Dep.
(MF):4
MN-402
TIC
(Technical
Research
US DOE Project/NonDOE Project: P
Abstracts);
ETD
(Energy Technology Data
Information Center)
Country of Publication: United States
Abstract: An environmental study was conducted during February 1991 on
Kwajalein Island, a US Army Kwajalein Atoll (USAKA) Base in the
Republic of the Marshall
Islands
(RMI).
This
study was undertaken for
the US Department of Energy (DOE) Hazardous Waste Remedial Actions
Program (HAZWRAP) acting in behalf of USAKA. The purpose of the study
was to determine if selected locations for new construction on
Kwajalein Island were contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons as
Suspected and, if so, whether bioremediation appeared to be a feasible
technology for environmental restoration. Two different sites were
9003083
Country of Origin: United States