38
bEFECTS ©}
and the severe, -potts epidermal igur. win
minimal dermal snjurs are wotabie.
RADIATION
fiw ted Na,
Ve pet
ncobiparmy animal lesions from known doses
vith desions i the exposed individitals in thits
ticulate nature ard cemevern qistmburion of te
-tady in order to estimate the skin dose, since
fallout material -vas responsible for the sports
nature of the lesions aud the daree compone
of soft energy beta mudlation was responsible
for the wreater epiderma: injury Vhe pros
nence of pigmentary anges is probabby ve
lated to race.* it is wenerally conceded that
blondes with dight pigment are more sensites.e
to radiation thar brunettes » 17)
Lastiy i -
-pectes differences in response may exist. and
ertila radition factors are not well estabmhed. such as accurate knowledge of the beta
~pectram of the fallout material and dose rate,
quite evident that sensitivity and
rFespatise
varied with anutome cocatrarn,
In Table 3.3 are listed the approximate sur
face skin doses required to produce recognizatie
epidermal injury fron beta radiations acim
( oiparison with human data suffers from wide
differences uy radiation energy and doses reported and methods of determining the rep
ose
Phe low meidence of infection of the radia-
Hen burns is probably due to their superticial
nature. Ulceration and partial healing preede d the time of minimal granulocyte counts.
~ copecelvable, however, that with higher
‘4
Table *.3,-—surtace Doses Required to Pri duce Recognizeable Epidermal Injury
SYESTIC 4 Th
ASTRA
Henshaw «* al 122
Rate
Raper and Barnes 123)
Snider and Raper (24)
Mice
Mice
Lushbaugh
Moritz and
Mor‘tz ane
Mor tz ana
Moritz wad
Mor tz ana
Sheep
Pies
Pigs
Pigs
Pigs
Pigs
Raper and Karnes | 23) .
—
js
pe
[37
ps
id
sr
sad
(ye?
{ql
sri
¥
\™
Ruts
Raper and Barnes 23)
+ 2h
Heoriques
Henriques
Heorigues
Heariques
Henriques
IOTOPE
Rabtt-
(26)
(26)
(26)
(265
(263
Mor tzaac Henriques (2H)
Las
AVERAGE
FNERGY
(MEV)
Woy
14
Wo5
m3
"5
443
Gi 5
add
i 2
3
ty
oT
SURFACE Dosk (REP)
1,
4+,
2,
2,
a,
2,
20,
4,
2,
1,
1,
i.
500-4, 00%)
O00
500
300
000
500-5, 000
000-30, OOO
000-5, O00
VOO—3, 000
500-2, 000
500-2. O00
500-2, 000
i eceeeneie ene
mals,
It is apparent from the table that beta
ray energyis of considerable importance in de
termining the degree of injury.
\ecording "4
Moritz and Henriques. ‘he difference in dase between that required te produce threshold skin
damage and that for permanent damage in pigs
is 500 to TOU rep
2h
fhe mm not pustined
Joses of whole-body radiation, the defenses
iwainst iafection might have been sufficiently
mpaired to have resulted in serious complicaSons from skin lesions of the severity encounered,
Severe radiation ingury is known to predispease tocuncer. The probability of the develop-
ihe nnd
* Reported
lesions
is
clinical
based
experience
predomiiantly
with
om
radiation ski
the
response
white-skinned peope Sheree fhe iexioms deseriberi
herein were obser. el Pita cd ovo oni tthe Muay rsip | pene
a highly pigmented
res ie
if nalienancies at the site of healed le-
ions os ankrioewn,
Certain factors appear to
dteerense che probability: (aj) The majority of
he
Jestaps were superterel,
(h) Visible signs
tourome radimtion dermatitis are absent in