HPMAN

AD.

6.5

Radiation Syndromes as a Func-

6.51

Effects of Superficial Penetrating and In-

tion of Tvpe of Exposure, Dose
and Time After Exposure

ternal Radiat.ons

Radiation injuries car be caviced onte turee

veneral classes:

at. The syndromes of whole body radiatien
injury which are produced bx penetrating jen
lazing radiation, and which ure dose dependert
b. Superticial radiition turns produce

soft radiations (bets anc
vamma radiations)

ce. Radiation injur

1

iow oneregy Noon

procuced oy the depos;

tion of radionuclides wittir

che body

Te

clinical pieture varies with the site and amount
of deposition.
Each of the above s assectited witha earls
phase in which acute symyprom- ond sens mas
be observed. and a date phase ii vhich onron i
changes or manifestations such os caneer mi

be observed.

Also, tue deyree of aajury + pre

portioned to dose.

Part cmiarh)

ia Class oa.

total-body irradiation, the dsease ennity see
is highly dependent om

6.52

oo +

The Syndromes From
trating Radiarions

[otal Body Pene

The dose-dependent
naromes
vesulti g
from total-body exposure
he onaniinad sieve
been deseribed in detuie 13. ang reed ot ys
be summarized here

\fter darge doses

proximately 6,000 rarinot *

ous

system

synd rover

ap

the eentene nee e

Ns

So

prodin ed

(10). Death may occur aader tae beam after
some hours, and is orecenec ha tiypereser a
bility, ataxia. respi ulory tistress. aud ter

mittent stupor. Doses caoanle of jroduecr y
this syndrome are always an formix fata. Uf
an occasional amimun sary

TON

oo topeua and depressed defenses against In-

fection, thrombopenia, and anemia with the pos~ tie vesultines mfeetions, diffuse purpura, and
yEoxa due to anemia, any of which may be
fat
More detailed deseriptions of the pathogeiesis «f these phenomena have been pub[sted tte Tey
Phe vbexse pieture of radiation syndromes is
Pased oon apimad experimentation: however,
Upuin exper ence 16, 17-22) has indicated that
mat oeobabl. corresponds quite closely to the
werent ma din response outlined above

Hoothe exception of some differences in time

fowearrenee. The CNS apparently was not
peeved oy the Japanese ot Pireshima and
Maorasaki

taeey

fey

aden

es

larcoa ty

us

ore deaths from the HS «6, 18,

low
dowever, in the case of man, deaths
fea ofeetion were most prevalent in the vd
Poth weeks omasimuam imerdence darme 3d
web

ine from hemorrhagic phenomena mn the

nooo sth weeks CmaNXinsim iedence im 4th
week
To toe -Fipanese, after the bombing of
Tbooshine aod Nagasaki, deaths from radiaoe

HN

Vere
ma

eaths

hythoge
*Species Virbac adi

of. 24 nor would one expect it to

fe onserved since doses to produce this synreme vere well within the aren of total de-feontoon
Vhe trIS with slenths im the ist
beth ore vel documented clinically and patho-

oe ths ONS he os
Poe

101

,okecess of SoG pas always fatal withm 3-9
dive ** “The GIs is so named because of the
loatred iaisea, vomiting. diarrhea, and denurato oof The smail bowel mucosa. The GIS is
to afermiy tatal <vyndrome in most laboratory
voowos
Pf the short duration GIS of a few
mars foes not produce the 5-4 day death, the
-u overs of his syndrome have vet to experisys tue sequelae of bone marrow depression
whoo, liu been termed the Aemopotetie synteens (HS)
The THiS as not necessarily fatal.
[os the chien pieture that is seen in the
etral eange for all mammals and in general
qe dda values reported represent the LD), for
hoe sequed of hernopoletic depression—granu-

vet toexpertence the pacts atest wal sundries
(GIS). LO) 12) whee wn

Ny

fs

ore

vere occurring is diate as the 7th
speeres and strain varrations

pre dest

arevclert ap

ooo Oth daivs are seen

ee

Phe 3-4

dogs. cats adb mice,
Gonmen pugs and

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