96
EFFECTS
iF TON 2iNG RADIATION
Japan.or df partias suelters are employed, the
percentage of
aseaccie.s
from these
would decrease anid toe cercentuce vith
tion damiuge would sr re ase
6.22
Added Effects of Megaton
Weapons
rata
31
Immediate Gamma and Neutron Radiations
The radiation hazard i due essentiady en
tirely to the imimedsite ueutron and anim
radiation from the svenpon and exposure ‘6
these radiations ion ve matter of seconds. 4
duration. Fallout i relatively of no sige ty
eance.* Thus. there os ne sc@nitiessat conta
nation of the skia and theretore, no pety leston-
of the skin
To kewaee. here i ao simatiesat
danger of ingest on or taakicot of radioner ve
material, and heave nt oe
6.3
sources
tide tte:
aren
[mmeciate Blast, Heat and Radiation Effects
Woo Virk Mrearon Bown, the same probeins encountered with earlier atomic weap-
ys ure also encountered, only magnified many
vos. “The grea of total destruction, instead of
che or two miles in dinmeter, may extend sev-
era tings thae far, depending upon the size of
"Ne V PRDOTL,
There are blast, heat and radiatan easailties as before. and the same problems
fo ohanchne mass castaities on an unprecelented seale with minimal or no facilities per-
fain
Pa asiditien, the problem of extensive
Fuilout = likely te enter
lem.
Both
the
immediiie
amma
and
veutron
radiations are highly oenetr iti and wall pro
duce acute total bods radiation uayurs on nae
The ratio of neatron to eamima ray contribu
tion to the tota
efferrive close vo distiaces
of
biological sigmit race varces with WEA DET TV be,
With most comunon siierding miverials earl.
concrete). the relat vw
neutron contribution
a
the total dose Gecrenses sty puissage Copenh
the matertals.
6.23
The effects previously desertbed were fer
igh air burst only
and
With surfaces wider
oundery iter
weupons, In addition
diate tonizing@
be
oursts
tess
oc
than
weapon: Howerer.
=
of
oo Dhiet. heat. cid
vadetoars.
tion from fallout cur
of course
“Sivmiticump
srentrre ant Banceid Rese iars only when the
are ballof the bomb comes im contaet with the
~ifiee of the earth
With the high atr burst,
Padtonctivity condenses only on solid particles
from the bomb components itself, and on dust
hotae
imine
eras eottan st
oir
Pts extent were
oe th
the “mee ie”
oorend al serropsiess 6+
air
The
particles
are
small,
are
irawi cul inte the atmosphere and do not
settle te the earth for periods of days or even
2s the time thes reach the earth's
-arface, the major part of their radioactivity
ses peer chissipared harmlessly in the atmosonere vid no significant hazard results. Tf,
However, the weapon is detonated on the surface
oft close enough so that the fire ball touches the
surfuee, then large amounts of material are
Many of the
paticles thits formed are heavy enough to desend rapidly while stu mrensely radioactive.
Phe cesalt sa compruarively localized aren of
estreme radionetive contamunrtion and a mitch
drawn tp ito the pemb cloud.
harger area of some tiazard,
Phe fallout area consists, in effect, of a large
ontuintiated plane texcept as modified by
levels
present
4
kiloten
hot be ignored
may be
Phenomenologyof Faliout
mnonths.
Dependence of Fffects on Circumstances ot
Weapon Detonation
eround
6.32
fe
of
en ron oneueed
Hort
bore
rad
Tear ron
oat
fe
ot
moulodtes or other structures), emutting alpha,
berated penetrating gumuna pays. Et is ap-