This single curve is exposure E (the open circle on the curve marked F). for any LET radiation, or mixture, obtained with LLE only. The hit size distributions for the given radiation are provided in the upper right hand corner. This distribution, as opposed to those in Fig. 2, is normalized to 1.0. If this distribution is then multipled by the HSEF, shown in the center right panel, the product will represent the distribution of quantally responding cells, shown in the right lower panel. The areas under this distribution represent the number of hit cells in the upper normalized distribution that respond quantally. Multiplying this value by the number of hit cells given by the open circle in linear curve F in the left panel yields the total incidence I, of quantally responding cells, for exposure E, shown as the solid circle on curve Tae It {is emphasized that the “normalized distributions” approach depicted in Fig. 6 is for illustrative purposes only. Neither “linear, non- threshold” relationship, nor distributions for different LET's need be referred to or used in practice (it is superfluous to provide a curve for the risk of a hit versus exposure-~the distribution of hit sizes suffices). That is to say, for any given exposure, whatever the LET or mixtures of LET's, only a single distribution would be recorded by the microdosimeter. Direct application of the HSEF would yield the required “risk coefficient". Thus, in practice, the cell dose approach could obviate the need for multiple “dose response” curves (Fig. 1), and it could ‘ replace the concept of LET entirely. the average mean of Conceptually, the "T" in LET is not the energy depositions in tissue. Rather, it refers to the amounts of energy deposited in the cell TCVs--the cell doses. The approach described above applies strictly only tq LLE and “simple cell” systems. to Since at least the bulk of human cancers are monoclonal, and thus presumably of single cell origin, an HSEF could also be determined for carcinogenesis in mammals. only to those malignantly transformed cells, were expressed as a cancer. = However, the HSEF would apply Ce a ae for a given exposure, that OP] en Required additionally would be a relationship 2 ag for the incidence of expressed cancers as a function of the total number of: di transformed cells. Sut It is possible, with present advances in the identification of cell types, that this relationship could be determined directly. 24 add Cur Sho -218- rages Ng > ~ ti ws~ eo eae Y. Fs Epslgee po tyaes ~ es :Tee raga aT oe PA ee fi ! AEE OMSOSFoaeeeaes Sh ek ehh GtCopsFe ees Ne ge eed ee 4 + 7 ik Pee At ie eee sar ee iat,’ ae ARENT met eal oa er RS eee kes oe PN eget, MeEo aS le a E igi?eee Cope dE eee Ste Shas LTae