adiation for the people living on Bikini from 969 to 1978. The average dose was 1.2 rem. vith a maximum of 3 rem. These levels were not -ery different from those received by other world populations and were not expected to proiuce any discernible effects. In 1978, a comprehensive radiological survey of the northern Marshall Islands was conducted, using helicopters equipped with gammameasuring instruments. Manyfood, water, and soil samples were collected from the Islanas for radioassays. DOE’s policy was to furnish copies of all of its technical reports and findings to the Trust Territory government and to the Marshall Island authorities. This practice was followed in the dissemination of radiological survey results in the 1970s, and because of the direct personal impact of these reports on the resident popuila‘tions, the DOE commissioned a series of simple bilingual booklets, which were delivered and explained to the affected people (A, 53, 58). In late 1978, the Trust Territory Government began new construction on Kili Island to make it more permanent and habitable (B-73). The following personal communication from Roger Ray, former Manager of the DOE program in the Marshall Islands, describes more recent events regarding the resettlement of Bikini. At Bikini, DOE-directed Lawrence S44 «LivermoreLabargcorydnitityed, Pha ae oLagriculturalead apaanit)fant ‘.. 1p an effart,to cantroLand radeat €. bak nye oeeres inceie.peereitina ; . 3-human ghai neot the residence:islands. genet aavica aniben: tal radiation leveis which. wereloW-enough, to permit resettlement, but neighboring | Bikini Island, from which the atoll takes its name, required further study and treat- sions.*> In 1988 the Congress granted the sum of 90 million dollars to the Bikini peo‘ple to enable them to select and implement remedial measures from Livermore and BARCstudies. In the meantime, the population on Kili Island had expanded to over 1000 people due to | influx of Bikinians from other atolls. They now appear to have become better adjusted to life there. They have usedfinancial assistance to improve housing, build a gymnasium, and a new dispensary. Thevillage at Kili is looked upon by other Marshallese as a model village (B-73). The long years away have not lessened the desire of the people, particularly older people, to return to Bikini. Most of the younger genera- tion has neverseen the island. Their nostalgia . has been somewhat assuaged in the past few years by allowing small groups of Bikinians to make short visits to the island. The recently completed Council House on the island affords a center for activities. DOE scientists are advising the Bikini people about possible methods for radiological clean-up of their Island. (B-104). It will probably be some years before resettlement is possible. Time has taken its toll, so that the numbersin the original group evacuated in 1946 are greatly reduced. It is sad that many of the older people may never realize their dream of returning to live on their homeisland. be hes et ryt . nat . VES yes Rit = u : wa ane eS ink a ©- OE bakit: phe epi 2h ewe 2g . ‘ awl et of 3° wit. 1 ‘ retoo Spokes apie Ras Cat pers beet gn tte. PN al ~ oe = wright : "Th AT Aa wl te “me be S ryqc ~ I wii Pe pee OTE Rb eh ee oy he : . r oT SEAtC~SA i Mm ine alot tA mt ee rE gies Sa i ibe ts . Arttee:, LiFm , ment. Bikini was the traditional population center and ancestral home of many Bikinians, and without the productive land of Bikini a resettlement was not apt to succeed. By the mid-1980's, the Livermore work had demonstrated several promising techniques for making Bikini Island habitable and for improving conditions at Eneu. The United States Congress authorized independent studies by a group of scientists selected by the Bikini people and their advisors to verify the Livermore conclu- 2004 18h ‘She Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Commuttee (BARC), Chairman: Henry Kohn. 35