Cesium-137 and
J are responsible for
{ the total predicted
both have radiological
about 30 years.
environmental
re acting to reduce
sium-137 and
J inventories so that the
me is significantly less
irs, then the predicted
: much lower, and longuse plans in the atolls
ered.
study the mechanisms,
nd controlling features
ide cycling in the
Jur goal is to find ways
the flow of radiosubsistence foods and
e available inventory
radiological dose assessment, resettlement began in 1970. In 1972,
the people of Enewetak also asked
to retum to their home.islands, and
officials requested a detailed
radiological survey and dose
assessment. This dose assessment,
conducted under LLNL technical
direction, identified many areas
where more precise data were
Bikini and EneuIslands
to provide the data needed.
The most recent phase of our
Marshall Islands research, a comprehensive survey ofall the islands
at Bikini Atoll (Fig. 1) and 12
other atolls downwind of the
Enewetak-Bikinitest sites (see
the inhabitants. Accordingly,
LLNL conducted a survey of
each at
Dose
in 1973
tified te:
most sic
posure }
pathway
Fig. 2}, began in September of
1978. The purpose of this survey
needed. Thus, a field research proj- (and the dose assessment that it
will produce) is to evaluate the
ect was Jaunched in 1975.
In that same year, a second
phase of housing construction
was planned for Bikini Atoll, and
careful planning of the location
of the housing project was
requiredto minimize external
radiological exposure to
Dose as
extemal
chains, i
water.
Cesiu
radiological condition of atolls that
could possibly have intercepted
some fallout in excess of worldwide
levels as a result of the testing
program. Nearly 12 000.soil,
vegetation, fish, water, sediment,
cant rad
counts f
collected and processed; and
cant radi
such as :1
and animal samples have been
analysis is about 60% complete.
dose ob
locally g
exposure
reachesi
foods, is
s of our assessmentat
oll are listed in
Fe
ingestion dose in-
re or sane
OESy i
reget
“,
a
Se Ftae
2 el
eae
e pe
we yg
EEa
Sa TELS
ue to food and water,
b
,
a
ALE et
Pete ae.ns
Newnesee
4
OE = 2
ie
*
7
.
cP
mee
Fopruueaane
i
ke
ilinginae®.
Pye
“
e
baveatetd ‘
ne
esae ‘ST
wT.
io
Tes
oa
=
Fe pe
aSER
St
{
vaeer
ot: 2
lation dose is negligibout 60% of the food
seople of the Marshal!
orted. However, when
unavailable (because
elays or weather
rey must subsist on
foods. Hence, two
are specified.
ites predicted for the
af the atoll are much
*
?.
a
CRPeeat earner: J
z
2 100-mrem/yr
ose (at sea level) in
2ver, the maximum
predicted for Enjebi
northern part of the
yach the current
ran individual (500
c). Table 2 lists the
Q
IPEG. 7 Islands. In 1946, prior to the start of the
Pacific nuclear testing program, the Enewetak people
were relocated to Ujelang Atoll and the Bikini people to
Rongerik Atoll. From 1946 to 1958, 23 tests were held
at Enewetak and 43 at Bikini. In 1948, the Bikini people
were movedto temporary facilities
Kili Island, a small island near M
and 1973, some of the Bikini peopl
and in August 1978 they were agai
and several other atolls. At presen
Bikini Atoll.