Volume 66, No. 6 June 1967 LATE EFFECTS OF RADIOACTIVE IODINE IN FALLOUT TABLE 3. Case Present Age at Age 1 225 Thyroid Abnormalities in Exposed Rongelap People, 1966 Exposure Sex Date Findings Abnormality Noted — 17 15 3 F 3/63 Benign nodules, complete thyroidectomy 1964. 21 15 3 F 3/64 Benign nodules, complete thyroidectomy, para- 69 16 4 F 3/64 20 19 7 F 3/65 2 13 1 M 3/65 Benign nodules, partial thyroidectomy 1964. No recurrence. Benign nodule, partial thyroidectomy 1965. No recurrence. Benign nodule, partial thyroidectomy 1965. 64 42 30 F 3/65 5 13 1 M 3/65 3 13 1 M 3/65 Hypothyroid, PBI less than 2yg/100 mi 9/65 March 1966 growth spurt and improved appearance on hormone. 3-mm nodule left lobe. No exam March 1966. 72 18 42 15 61 - 0 F 3 F 9/65 20 8 F 9/65 40 41 29 M 9/65 59t 34 46 13 36 1 F M 9/65 3/66 19 17 5 M 3/66 36 19 7 M 3/66 33 13 1 F 3/66 35 13 1 F 3/66 No recurrence. thyroidectomy 1964. No recurrence. No recurrence. Malignant nodule, thyroidectomy—surgical and with radioiodine 1965. No recurrence noted on physical examination.* Hypothyroid, protein-bound iodine (PBI) less spurt and improved appearance on hormone. March 1965, marked retardation of growth; 2-mm nodule right lower lobe; March 1966— nodular enlargemententire gland; firm 5-mm nodule right lobe. 6- to 8mm smooth nodule left lower pole; March 1966 1-cm nodule left lobe. 2-mm nodule right lower pole; March 1966 no nodules detected. 5-mm nodule midline; March 1966 same. Nodular enlargementleft lobe and isthmus with 2-mm firm nodule. Multinodular soft goiter—gland 14 X normal size; 1-cm nodule right lowerpole. About 1-cm nodule—not clearly demarked— right lower pole. Many tiny nodules on surface of gland. In September 1965 questionableirregular gland. Now definite 5-mm nodule left lobe. ? pre- tracheal lymph node. In September 1965 questionable small nodule; now 5-mm nodule right lobe. * Unable to carry out follow-up thyroid uptake and X-ray studies due to pregnancy. + Exposed to only 69 rads whole-body radiation and presumably proportionately less thyroid dose. normalities has occured *‘in children ex- posed at less than 1gyeaigof age and in the more hehe cpewgdelt.cy clap group. There were 19 children in this group ex- posed to 175 rads of whole-body irradiation. The 2 severely hypothyroid cases are also in this group. Note that in the Ailinginae group, who received considerably less ex- posure, there have been no nodules found in the 6 children in that age range. On Utirik Island there were 40 children in the same age range, who received an estimated 55 to 110 rads to their thyroid glands, and there were no cases of thyroid abnormalities seen. In the 61 unexposed children in the comparison population on Rongelapof the Piagetile than 2 ug/100 ml March 1965, marked retardation of growth; March 1966 growth