CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION.....0.. 00... ccccceeeccesceseuseeteessuuecascenes SECTION I. RADIATIONS........0.0cccccccccccccecseesscesceeeseees A. General Background Information......................... 1. Natural Background and Medical Exposures... Vv 1 1 1 B. Whole Body Exposures.................cccsccecceececevenenees 4 2. Sources and Nature of Fallout....................055 9 C. Skin Exposures..............ccccccccesccuceseeeceseeeeneneaeeeaeees D. Todine 181 ..........0.0. ccc ccc cece ccc cca eee ceceeereseeeeeeneenees 8 11 G. Water and Alri... ccc cece ee neeeeeeeneeeeneneeeeeenes 18 E. Strontium 90 and Strontium 89...................:eee FB. Carbon 14.00.00... ccc ccccc ncn cae cece eceaeeneeeeeeeeneneeens 14 16 SECTION II. OTHER ASPECTS..............00000c:ccccccceeeeees A. Blast — Direct and Reflected................cceeeeceeneeeeees B. Thermal —Flash and Heating Effects................... C. Weather... 0... ccc cccccc ccc ec rece ence cece en eeee ben eeneneasnees D. Ground Motions — Earthquakes.................0::ceeee 21 21 23 26 27 SECTION IIT]. GENERAL EVALUATION.................... 31 Safety Procedures at the Nuclear TestIng Sites... ccc ee eenee seen eeeereeeees 33 APPENDIX GI1OSSALY.... 20.0... e cece eee ee eee cece eee e ee eeetnenens 49 ill