86 Figure A-2. Affected Guettarda speciosa with normal appearing Scacvola sericea. normal green color. Ground surveys revealed that Scaevola sericea was common and normal in appearance. Manyof the Guettarda speciosa appeared to be in poor condition (Figure A-2). In some,all or nearlyaJ] the leaves were gone from the termi- nal 1 to 12 in. of the branches, and otherleaves were yellowed and shriveled. In other Guettarda, nearlyall the leaves were gone, and the bushes appeared completely dead. More than 50% ofthe Guettarda were affected in whole or part. In one area of Naen several hundred yards inland from the ocean beach, there was a field of 30 Guet- tarda, al] of which were dead. Some young Ptsonia grandis were seen which appeared to be in good condition. Mature Pisonia were seen which were partially defoliated, but these did not appear to be greatly different from those seen on RongelapIslet on the southeast corner of Rongelap Atoll. None of the mistletoe-like clumps described by Fosberg were observed. Several Ochrosia oppositifolia were seen with nearly complete defoliation, which appeared dead. A small grove of coconut trees near the center of Naen Islet contained 4 to 5 dead the tree. Several trees had dry and shriveled fronds, and 6 had deformed bulges to 8 ft below the crown with apparently normal! growth abovethe bulges. Photographs of the affected vegetation were examined by Dr. Fosberg, and hestated that the changes were similar to those he had previously reported. It is not possible to evaluate the cause of the changes from the present observations. More extensive and detailed botanical and ecological surveys will be necessary, both on the islands that received radiation and on those that did not, to determine whether the changes seen bear any relation to fallout. In particular, it should be noted that these observations were made during the dry season. Weare indebted to Professor Frank Richardson of the University of Washington for identifying the plants, and to Commander W. Lyons, USN, for his assistance in taking the photographs. DOE ARCHIVES trees within a radius of 300 yards, which were REFERENCES headed coconut trees were seen, one with fronds 1. Fosperc, F.R., Nature 183, 1448 (1959). 2. Fosperc, F.R., Atoll Research Bulletin 61, 1-11 (1959). 3. Conarn, R.A. et ar., Medical Surveyof Rongelap People, decapitated at heights 5 to 12 ft above the ground with no evidence of axe or machete marks. Two 2that were mostly brown and appeared dead growing from the trunk 2 ft below the true crownof March 1958, Four Years After Exposure to Fallout, BNL 534 (T-135).