ak other personnel” (Reference ll, p. lla-11). Shot BRAVO "contaminated some of the ships to the point that it would have been most desirable to issue film badges to all personnel on them... [because] no film badges received signficant radiation” lla-12). . . . many people with (Reference 11, pp. lla-1l and Sufficient badges were not available, however, and furthermore TU 7? lacked the personnel to process a larger number of badges. Even so, the TU 7 technicians attempted to estimate the doses of those without badges “based on film badges of similarly exposed personnel, but it was impossible to do this accurately in many cases." After BRAVO, more badges became available, with assignment priorities given to "people expected to receive significant radiation and people who had already received a rela- tively large amount of radiation" (Reference 11, p. lla-12). Additionally, after BRAVO, a notice from CINCPAC directed all ships entering a circular area within 450 nmi (833 km) of a point near Bikini to have 5 percent of their crews wear film badges or dosimeters until out of the area. Processing was to be performed when specifically directed by CINCPAC (Reference 16, Tab C). There is no indication that it was neces- Sary to process the badges. Two methods of film badging were used in normally noncontaminated areas, i.e., areas not under control of the TG 7.1 Radiation Control Group. The first was area badging. This system involved “spotting” an island or vessel with film badges in key places to provide coverage of living and working areas. Efforts were coordinated with the Radsafe Officer to ensure coverage of areas assigned to each task group. The second method was personnel badging. Film badges to be worn throughout presumed fallout periods were issued to certain individuals, for example, detachment radsafe commissioned and noncommissioned officers. The readings of the personnel and area badges for each detachment were averaged to make a blanket assessment of total radiation dose to each member of the detachment. 102 j