13 plementfixation tests were carried out by Mr. H. Turner and Dr. R. J. Heubnerfor the following diseases: para-influenza 1, 2, and 3; respiratory syncitial; psittacosis group; and Q fever. The modified Bengtson method was used.**"'? Sodium and Potassium Levels. Determinations of sodium and potassium urinary excretion and dietary levels were carried out by Dr. L.K. Dahl of Brookhaven National Laboratory. This study was madeto see whether there was any correlation between salt consumption by the Rongelapese and blood pressure levels. Both spot and 24-hr urine collections on about 200 people were tested for sodium andpotassium levels by flame photom- etry. Several sample meals from the Rongelap Leon N. Sussman, Beth Israel Hospital, New York, N.Y.; and haptoglobins by Dr. B.S. Blumberg and Zora Gentile of the National Institutes of Health. Blood samples were obtained from 176 individuals representing 70% of the inhabitants of Rongelap for the above studies. Aliquots of urine samples from 65 exposed and 119 unexposed people collected for routine analysis were used for determination of B-amino-7so-butyric acid. Eighteen urine samples from Utirik were also analyzed. Blood Groupings. To complement studies be- gun in 1958, blood groupingstudies were carried out on 57 of the blood samples mentioned above. In addition, 64 blood samples werecollected at Utirik, and 65 at Majurofor this purpose. Dr. people werealso analyzed. Sussman tested these for ABO, MN, Rh-Hr, and roid glands in the Marshallese, studies of the Haptoglobin and Transferrin. Further analyses for haptoglobin by the method of Smithies were Thyroid Metabolism. Since the largest dose to anypartof the body had been received by the thy- metabolic state of the thyroid gland have been of interest. These studies have been made by Dr. J.E. Rall at the NationalInstitutes of Health. Samples from the previous years’ surveys had shownsur- Duffy, Kell, and Diego factors. carried out on these samples at the NationalIn- stitutes of Health. Transferrins were determined by the discontinuous buffer starch gel method of prisingly high protein-bound iodine levels. In Poulik'* on 66 Rongelapese sera, and on an additional 40 sera by the borate buffer, horizontal or due to contamination of glassware, !4 samples were again collected, with very carefully cleaned glassware used- In addition to protein-bound Hemoglobin Types. Further starch gel electrophoretic studies of hemoglobin types were also order to determine whetherthis was a true finding iodine, butanol-extractable iodine and thvroxin binding proteins were determined. Several urine samples were analyzed for total iodine content. Serum Vitamin B,,. Determinations of serum vitamin B,, concentrations done during the pre- vious year’s survey gave values higher than normal in the majority of the Marshallese people. Therefore, 15 samples from the 1959 survey (7 from personstested the year before) were analyzed by Dr. D.W. Watkin of the National CancerIn- stitute, National Institutes of Health. Studies of Genetically inherited Characteristics Studies of genetically inherited characteristics of blood components and urine were continued on samples brought back to laboratories in the United States. Such studies, although not directly related to radiation effects, are of interest in under- standing the anthropological backgroundofthe people and in establishing a baseline of genetic characteristics for detection of possible genetic effects of radiation in future generations. These studies included the following: blood groups ABO, MN, Rh-Hr, and Duffy, Kell, and Diego by Dr. method.'* No transferrin types other than CC were seen. made on these samples by Dr. R.L. Engle, Jr., and Dr. G. Castillo of the Cornell University Medical Center, New York, N.Y. Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity of Red Cells. Various studies have indicated that a deficiency of the enzymeofred cells is transmitted by a sex-linked gene. Individuals with this deficiency can develop a hemolytic anemia after the ingestion of certain drugs (e.g., primaquineor fava beans'*"'5). In the present study the blood samples were collected in ACD solution, refrigerated (4°C), and sent by air to Seattle, Washington, wherethetests were done by Dr. Arno G. Motulsky, Department of Medicine, University of Washington.All tests were performed within one week of collection. Tests were done on 151 individuals: 75 males, 75 females. and onenotclassified. B-Amino-iso-butyric Acid (BAIB) Excretion. Dif- ferential excretion of B-amino-iso-butyric acid (BAIB) is under genetic control, and family data indicate that a single major genepair is responsible for most of the variations.'*-?° High excretors are homozygousfor a single recessive gene, and