Serum prolactin Two pituitary tumors have beenidentified in the exposed Marshallese (Adams et al., 1984). Because other exposed persons might develop these benign neoplastic lesions, prolactin levels are performed every two years. Although serum prolactin elevation is not found in all pituitary tumors, it is by far the most common hormonal abnormality and therefore is used as the screening test for the exposed population. No new or unexplained elevations were detected for the present reporting period, but one elderly Utirik woman still has the slightly elevated level mentioned in a previous Brookhaven report (Adamset al., 1985). A CT scan of the patient’s sella turcica in 1990 revealed no tumor. Neoplasms: Skin cancers One basal cell carcinoma of the face was diagnosed in an exposed Rongelap womanin 1986 (Adamsetal., 1988). A second person, also in the Rongelap exposed group, had a basal cell carcinoma removed in 1991, The developmentof two skin cancers somethirty years post-exposure in a population not considered susceptible to such lesions raises the possibility that there is some relation to their 1954 beta radiation exposure. The specific clinical situations are described below. Subject No. 1. This 56-year-old Rongelap man was 18 years of age at the time of his exposure to fallout from BRAVO. He washed off the debris within several hours after the fallout ceased. He sustainedfirst-degree burnsto his right antecubital fossa and both feet. These became apparent several weeks after exposure andlasted for several weeks. He also experienced typical nail discoloration. One year later on reexamination healing was complete. Subsequent skin examinations were unremarkable until April 1991 when a 1.5 cm lesion with a necrotic center was noted on his left scapula. An excisional biopsy was performedandthe final pathological diagnosis was basal cell carcinoma. The tumor extendedto all lines of excision. Therefore, definitive treatment consisted of a reexcision a few months later. Subsequent examinations have revealed no evidence of recurrence. Subject No. 2. This 70-year-old Ron was 38 years of age at the time of e was felt to be one of two patients exposed to external beta radiation. wash off the fallout debris for a f Within a few days skin lesions dev burns, most first degree, eventually lap woman osure. She neck, neckline, left hand and wrist forehead, thorax and groin, lasting weeks. There was some hair loss. O the skin had essentially healed, exce was persistent beta-burn scarring on t the neck noted up to 1960. F examinations were benign until April 1 skin lesions were noted: a4 mm papul supraorbital area and a 7 mm nodule a right ear. Excisional biopsies reveale basal cell carcinomas. Reexaminatio has revealed no evidence of recurrenc that there left side of lowup skin when two in the right terior to the both to be up to 1992 Skin cancer in dark-skinned races as generally been considered to be rare. Studie in a black population suggest that skin cancer site of old burns or other scars, chro and infection (Oettlé, A.G.; Databo- rown, D.D.; and Fleming I.D. et al.). These cance squamous cell carcinomas and are aggressive (Amonette, R.A. and Kapl Fleming I.D. et al.). Basal cell carci they do occur, are located in sun-exp they are in Caucasians. That there increase in incidence of skin cancer in or those of mixed race when comp Blacks (Oettlé, A.G. and Burns, J.E.) melanin is a protective factor. Other have not been extensively studied. Ionizing radiation from sources other than sunlight is also known to be a risk ctor in the .M., et al; induction of skin cancer (Davis, Walther, R.R. et al.; and Myskowski, P.L. et al.). Studies of children irradiated for rin R.E., et al.; and Ron, E., et al.) and irradiated for a variety of conditions al.; Walther, R. et al.; and Myskowsi show that radiation is associated with incidence of skin cancer, mostly basal cell tumors, and generally occurring among Ca asians, but occasionally in Blacks. The skin cancer in the Rongelap occurred in an area that was both sun previously injured by beta radiatioy. For the Rongelap man (#1) neither sun nor ta radiation would have been expected to conv rge on the 13