PREFACE Field Command, Defense Nuclear Agency has prepared this documentary to provide the general reader a narrative history of the radiological cleanup of Enewetuk Atoll and to provide the interested researcher a description of the procedures used to support and accomplish the radiological cleanup. It is intended to present a balanced. objective review of the mistakes made and lessons learned. as well as the many successes achieved during the project. Much of the knowledge and experience gained during the project would be applicable to any military operation in the harsh environment ofa tropical atoll. and the radiological cleanup experience represents an invaluable national asset in the Atomic Age. It is the aim of this documentary to record that experience while it is readily available. To complete the description of the United States effort to restore the atoll, the last chapter includes an account of the Rehabilitation Program which was conducted by the Department of the Interior concurrently with the cleanup project. This report was compiled from historical documents stored in the . Enewetak Radiological Cleanup repository at the Defense Nuclear Agency’s Field Command in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The bibliographical notes, which are identified by superscripts within the text, are intended to provide future researchers with a guide to documents containing additional data regarding subject matter of the text as well as sources for the text itself. The compilers have endeavored to arrange events by topics and operational categories as well as in chronological order. As a result, there is some overlapping of chronology between the chapters and sections. To facilitate continuity for the general reader. brief summary paragraphs have been included where appropriate, with the hope that the researcher will overlook these occasional redundancies. In the use of names, the preference of the group being named has been followed. In Marshallese, the prefix ‘‘dri-’’ means ‘*people of."* Thus, ‘*dri-Enewetak’’ means the people of Enewetak [sland in particular. as well as the people of Enewetak Atoll as a whole. The people of Enjebi Island refer to themselvesas ‘‘dri-Enjebi™’ in distinguishing themselves from the other people of the atoll, but as ‘‘dri-Enewetak’’ when referring to all the people of theatoll. In referring to the operational element of the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA), the term ‘‘Field Command’ is commonly used for **Field Command, Defense Nuclear Agency’’ in actual practice and in this documentary. During the period covered by this report, the organization originally known as the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) has been reorganized and renamed twice. On | January 1975, it became the Energy