308 RADIOLOGICAL CLEANUP OF ENEWETAK ATOLL pCi/g had evolved into requirements to remove concentrations Over I¢ pCi/g from visitation/food-gathering islands, over 80 pCi/g fro agriculture islands, and over 40 pCi/g from residential islands.92 m The evolution of island use plans also was reviewed, including 1h, differences between the desires originally expressed by the people in 1973 and the EIS or AEC Task Group Report: a. The people desired to collect coconut crabs on all islands while th EIS and Task Group Report limited such activity to the Southern islands. b. The people desired to use Runit as an agriculture island while the Ejs and Task Group Report only prescribed that Runit would be Cleaneq and the quarantine removed, without specifying eventual use. c. The people desired to use Enjebi for residence while the EIS and Task Group Report did not specify such cleanup but merely indicated jx might eventually be used for that purpose. The briefer indicated tha this was a highly desirable goal, unaware that the people had recently communicated a lack of enthusiasm for such residence. The pilot soil removal project and its results were described in detajj, One principal result was the identification of more subsurface contamination in the soil than anticipated. This discovery, together with the inclusion of all transuranics, the more stringent soil cleanup criteria, and the time already lost, resulted in greater demands on cleanup capabilities to satisfy the people’s desires and openedthe possibility that someislands might have to be permanently quarantined.93 SOIL CRITERIA BRIEFING DOEthen presented a briefing on soil cleanup criteria. Following the 1972 radiological survey of Enewetak, which was probably the most extensive done in any environment, the agency had a dose assessment study conducted by their contractor, LLL. The assessment consideredall of the pathways by which radionuclides enter humans, soil being only one component. This dose assessment was the basis for the original soil cleanupcriteria. After the cleanup phase had begun, DOE began working with EPA ontheir development of federal guidelines for transuranic elements in soil. DOE then recognized the need to review the Enewetak dose calculations to determine just how their values compared with those they had helped EPA develop. After some rough comparisons, DOE tasked LLL to redo the Enewetak dose calculations with additional data collected in the past 5 years, including some of the in situ survey results from Enewetak. The new dose assessment included other transuranics as well as plutonium. (Initial LLL estimates had indicated that Am-241 was an important contributor to dose; however, the calculations contained an