Radiation Safety and Cleanup Preparations

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men from U.S. Army Armaments Research and Development Command

with magnetometers to help locate buried debris, a U.S. Army Element

(USAE) survey team and backhoe operators, plus 16 members of the

newly arrived Field Radiation Support Team (FRST). The survey team

located the GZ and established five radials from it with stakes placed at 50-

foot intervals. A backhoe was used to dig a trench beside each stake to
obtain soil samples and locate any buried debris. Trenches were dug as
deep as 6 feet depending on levels of coral rock and ground water. Each

trench was checked with an SPA-2 micro-R meter for evidence of

contaminated debris. Soil samples were taken from the sides of the

trenches at 1-foot intervals (Figure 4-1) and were analyzed by Eberline
Instrument Corporation (EIC) in their laboratory at Enewetak Camp.

Stringent radiological safety measures were established for the survey. A
hot line was established near the personnel pier. Air samplers were
positioned downwindofall earth-moving operations. During the engineer
survey phase, all personnel crossing the hot line wore rubber boots and
double surgical masks. During the trenching/soil sampling phase, all

personnel in the area wore boots, anti-contamination (anti-C) coveralls,
gloves, full-face respirators and hoods, with tape overall openings where
dust might enter. Due to heat stress and discomfort produced primarily by

the respirator, personnel were able to work only approximately 2 hoursin
the morning and 2 hoursin the afternoon. After a few days’ operations, it
was noted that personnel were not fully recovering from the previous
day’s fatigue. Thereafter, workers in full anti-C suits were given hourly

breaks. Temperature readings of over 90°F were commonplaceas early as
1000 hours. Because of the heat, two FRST members were removed from

the survey before it was completed on Il July 1977.

The surveyeffort disclosed that there was no contaminated burial site at

Erie GZ. The average surface and 1-foot depth activity was 24 picocuries
per gram (pCi/g), well below the 40 pCi/g guideline for any surface soil
cleanup action. Some subsurface hot spots of 150 to 282 pCi/g, well below
the then current 400 pCi/g guidelines for required cleanup, were found.

These were roped off during Runit site construction. Concurrent with the
survey, contaminated debris found south of the permanenthotline was
collected and stockpiled north of that line by USAE personnel working in

full anti-C suits, 10.11

The Erie site survey provided a valuable field test of radiological control

and safety measures and equipment. Byparticipating in the survey, Field
Command’sradiological planners, Dr. Edward T. Bramlitt and Lieutenant
Colonel Manuel L. Sanches, USA, and the JTG Radiological Control
Division staff, were able to observe and experiencedirectly the application
of their plans. This permitted further refinementof the radiological control
and safety procedures which wereto be used for the project.

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