< 84 ~, RADIOLOGICAL CLEANUP OF ENEWETAK ATOLL the rehabilitation and resettlement efforts. In January 1973, DNA engagey H&Nto develop a DEIS.98 The NEPA requiresutilization of a systematic interdisciplinary approach which insures integrated use of the natural and social sciences in Planning and decision-making. To satisfy this requirement, extensive information was needed on the condition oftheatoll, social and economic backgroung of the people, plans for future use ofthe atoll and, aboveall, guidelines o, the cleanup and disposition of radiological contamination. Some of this information was available in the Enewetak Engineering Study; howeve, muchof the material was just then being developed in the MasterPlan, the Enewetak Radiological Survey, and the AEC Task Group Reportang would not be available for more than 18 months. Meanwhile, there wag pressure to provide plans and cost estimates for MILCON program authorization and appropriation requests. In response to these pressures, a preliminary DEIS was prepared, based on the best available, albei incomplete, information. Thus, when this preliminary DEIS was circulateq to the participating federal agencies for review in April 1974,99 it did not reflect an approvedposition on radiation exposures and cleanup guidelines (since the AEC position had not yet been defined). Rather,it containeg alternative solutions developed to show minimum and maximum required resources. Someof the information in the preliminary DEIS concerning potential impacts was quite controversial. The Director, DNA had planned to publish the formal DEIS for commentby 15 May 1974 andthe-final EIS on 15 September 1974.100 As a result of the critical nature of some comments on the preliminary DEIS and the concern over public acceptance of the concepts, publication of the formal DEIS wasdelayed until approved radiological guidelines were available on 16 August 1974, Instead of 1S May 1974, it was 7 September 1974 before the formal DEIS was issued for public review and comment.!01 The DEIS consisted of three volumes. VolumeI included a review of the radiological and physical condition of the atoll and described several cleanup and habitation alternatives, an evaluation of their effects, a selection of a preferred cleanup operation, and a proposed rehabilitation and resettlement plan. Volume II contained extracts from related reference documents, including the 1972 Enewetak Radiological Survey and the 1973 Master Plan for Rehabilitation and Resettlement, plus calculations and other supporting data. Volume III was a resumeofthe DEIS in the Marshallese language and direct retranslation of that resume into English. !92 The approach taken in the DEIS wastoidentify all reasonable courses of action, evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each, andarrive at the safest and most effective solution. The AEC had established recommendedguidelines for use in the radiological cleanup (Figure2-l).