THE EFFECT OF VARIATIONS IN SOURCE TERM

AND PARAMETER VALUES ON ESTIMATES OF RADIATION DOSE TO MAN

S.

G.

Bloom and W.

E.

Martin

Battelle Columbus Laboratories
Columbus, Ohio

ABSTRACT

Models had been previously developed to characterize the general behavior
of plutonium in a typical ecosystem at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) and to
provide a basis for estimating the radiation dose from 239pu that might
be received by a hypothetical man who resides in and obtains most of his
food from this ecosystem.
The source term and parameters in these
models are subject to wide variations due to uncertainties in sampling,
measuring, and interpreting plutonium levels in laboratory experiments
and in the environment.
Regardless of the extent of these variations,
previous exercises with the models indicate that inhalation is far more
significant than ingestion as a pathway for transporting 233pu to man
and that the lung and bone are the critical organs for radiation dose
estimates.
These features are used to develop simpler forms of the
models which are then used to examine the effects of variations in the
source term and parameters.
The most significant effects are due to variations in average soil
concentration, mass loading factor for air, and the parameters of the
lung model used for radiation dose estimates.
Average soil concentration
can range over several orders of magnitude and radiation dose estimates
are directly proportional to this source term.
The mass loading factor
can also have a wide range of values to which the dose rate to lungs is
directly proportional for all practical purposes.
The parameters in the
lung model are a function of particle size and those chemical and physical factors which determine the translocation class.
The effects of
particle size are significant but the translocation class has a much
greater effect.
Particle size within the respirable range can cause a

factor of 6 variation in dose rate to lungs but translocation class can

cause a factor of 600 to 700 variation.
The variation in the rate for
bone is not so large with particle size causing less than a factor of 4

variation and translocation class causing less than a factor of 60
variation.

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