38 may have some degree of growth retardation, also show evidence of hypofunctioning glandsor glands that are functioning at maximum capacity, based on results of thyroid function studies (elevated serum TSH levels or little or no response in ''"f uptake following TSH stimulation). Oneof these (No. 65) had a low serum thyroxine level. The adults with thyroid nodules (Nos. 59 and 64) and two of the children (Nos. 42 and 61) had normal responses to TSH. Several of the studies listed in Table 20 were performedafter subtotal thyroidectomy (Nos. 17, 21, 69, 2, and 20). The results indicate inadequate function of the thyroid rem- nant, even in Nos. 17, 21, and 69, who had been Operated upon in June 1964 and had no thyroxine replacement before September 1965. The serum Figure 27. Thyroid uptake study with '' I, Rongelap Island. iodoproteinlevels (PBI less 7, [) ranged from 1.5 to 2.9 and did not differ significantly from values in unexposed Marshallese. Figure 28. Wrist x rays showing marked retardation ofskeletal maturation in dwarfed boy with hypothyrodism (right, subyect No. 3, chronological age 10%2 yr) compared with younger brother with normal osseous development (left, subject No 83, chronological age 8%2 yr).