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radiation,

the effects are classified as somatic or genetic.

Somatic cells are those concerned with the maintenance and
integrity of the individual and include cells in the bone

marrow, blood,

liver or nervous system; genetic cells are

the reproductive cells of the gonads,

which are responsible

for the transfer of genetic information from generation to
generation.

Damage to somatic and genetic cells differs in

that somatic effects are limited to the irradiated individual,

whereas genetic effects may be passed on to the

progeny

of the irradiated individual.

The biological effects of radiation vary considerably between individuals of the same species but the
aifference between widely separated groups of organisms
is even greater.

In general the more complex the organism,

the more vulnerable it is.

The lethal dose,

fifty per

cent at thirty days (LDsq), is about 400 roentgens for man
but is two to three times greater for fish.

Values for

other organisms are given in Figure 1 which is prepared

from data reported by Donaldson and Foster (1957).

Owing

to the great variety of circumstances that existed in the
experiments from which these data were obtained,

the values

in Figure 1 represent only orders of magnitude of effects.

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