- 16 - by radiation, and, although some specific effects may be caused by one or a few events in the cell, many are probably the combined results of numerous such events. Even if the effect of tonizing radiations upon cells were known, it would not tell the entire story of the effect upon the whole animal. An organism such as a fish or a man is an organization of specialized and interdependent cells. As stated by Loutit (1959), "Radiation damage to one organ can disturb the functioning of another. The cooperative action of cells and tissues in a many~celled organism profoundly complicates the primary effects of radiation. time, Given this action can also mitigate or reverse some of the effects." The biological effects of radiation depend upon the total dose received by the organism and the length of time in which the dose is administered. the effects range from death to physiological disturbances that are too slight to be observed. The damage that results from small doses is the kind of damage to be expected from the addition of radioisotopes to the sea. Depending upon the type of cell absorbing the