ee a wt dee bee dri-Enewetak would not appreciate any criteria which were less stringent than had been usedat Bikini.) He further expressed concern that if any specific numbers were announcedascriteria, they would be rejected by i EPA.307 Thus, the ERDAadvice wasthat Field Command should develop radiological criteria, with whatever assumptions deemed suitable, and present it to ERDA for approval. A concept was then formulated at Field Command for monitoring A eet itanttay Card bg casi eee Td he 13] CONPLAN I-76 was based on the EIS Case 3 radiological cleanup as approved by Congress and the JCS.3!! That plan still had to be modified somewhat in subsequent planning actions, however. FIELD COMMANDOPLAN600-77: 1977 Y debris. The monitoring included definitive measurementsfor alpha, beta, and gammaradiation under various conditions. The criteria were specific, Field Command OPLAN 600-77 was essentially an expansion of the 15 September 1976 Field Command CONPLAN I-76; however, it could not ! reached that the criteria were acceptable, and that they should be set forth Services had been formally tasked to support the project. Beginning in August 1976, Field Command began preparations to develop the OPLAN. I | { and they were forwarded to Headquariers DOE for review. A decision was explicitly in Standing Operating Procedures for use on the atoll by cleanup forces. With respect to contaminated soil, the AEC Task Group had recommendedthat it be removed if plutonium concentrations exceeded 400 pCi/g; removed on a case-by-case basis, considering all radiological conditions, if plutonium concentrations were in the range of 40 to 400 pCi/g; and not be removed if plutonium concentrations were less than 40 pCi/g. Despite the specificity of the Task Group criteria for soil removal, there still were uncertainties concerning the area/volume of soil to which the plutonium concentrations were to apply. At one extreme, an ‘“‘island average’? could be used. At the other (impractical, but illustrative) extreme, a gram-by-gram decision could be made. Thus, the soil cleanup criteria also needed clarification so that techniques could be deftned for assaying and removingsoil. _ The initial Field Command concept for evaluating soil was to gather and analyze samples in a manner similar to that which had been used for the Radiological Survey, but on a more closely spaced grid, and only in those portions of islands which appeared likely to have average concentrations exceeding 40 pCi/g based on survey data. The question Field Command sought to have answered by ERDA in meetings on developing a Radiological Cleanup Plan was how many samples would be required from any area to achieve a characterization which would satisfy certification expectations. Once ERDA chose an in situ method in lieu of the survey-type soil sampling method, the question changedin nature. Another conference was held at Field Command on 28-29 December 1976.398 It produced a Radiological Cleanup Plan which was modified Py pt final CONPLAN I-76. y Pts by 32 4 am USO ds dil Appel a me In summary, radiological cleanup planning had required extensive effort over many months by Field Command and ERDA plannersto resolve the many questions concerning concept and method of execution. The final be developed until MILCON funds had been appropriated and the Military The Plans and Operations Director, Colonel John V. Hemler, Jr., USA, assumed responsibility for preparing the plan. In actual practice, COL Schaefer, and COL Thompson, (both of the Logistics Directorate), who had finalized the CONPLANs, served with COL Hemler as tri-chairmen in presiding over the OPLAN development conferences. To develop the individual annexes of the OPLAN, functional working groups were established, each chaired by a Field Command staffofficial, including:3!2 Operations Group - LCDR R. F. Walters, USN Radiological Subgroup - LTC M. L. Sanches, USA Logistics Group - Mr. D. L. Wilson Comptroller Group - LTC M. J. Worrick, USAF Manpower Group - CPT L. C. Dudley, USAF Communications Group - LTC R. H. Ludwig, USAF On 10 September 1976, the Secretary of Defense had requested the JCS to task the Services for project support. It had been hoped that the first OPLAN development conference could be held later that month. However, it was 24 January 1977 before the JCS provided formal tasking.3!3 Therefore, the first conference had to be postponed several times and finally began on 3 February 1977 in Albuquerque. The Army representatives still had not received their tasking when the first conference began. FIRST OPLAN CONFERENCE: 3-4 FEBRUARY 1977 ec conerees came trom the Service headquarters in Washington and their action-level commands: i.e., Army Forces Command, Commander Naval Surface Forces, Pacific (COMNAVSURFPAC), and Pacific Air Forces (PACAF). ERDA representatives came from their Washington headquarters and the Nevada