trip, the vessel carrying him capsized and he was drowned. Comparison Subject No. 1575. This lady died in 1984 at age 78. Her last examination wasin March 1981 at which time two thyroid nodules were observed. These were first noted in 1978, but surgery was not performed because of “‘her age and general senile state.”’ Nevertheless, no serious health problems hadbeen identified and the cause of death is unknown. Subject No. 1005. In 1982, at age 49, this man’s examination revealed no serious medical problems. He had a chronic complaintof short- nessof breath. There was a 60-pack-yearhistory of cigarette smoking, but a chest x ray in 1981 had been normal. In 1983 the diagnosis of lung cancer with metastases was madeat the Majuro hospital. He died in January 1984. tinue to follow the trendsof earlier years (Figure 2). Mean hemoglobin levels and monocyte and basophil counts of the Rongelap, Ailingnae, and Utirik groups remain within a few percent of control values (Table 1). Occasionally macrocytosis is seen. It occurs in all groups and is generally borderline in degree. The only person with a clear-cut elevation (MCV of 109 fl) in 1983 was an exposed 72-year-old Rongelap woman. There was concern when a similar value was obtained on her in 1984. It was then learned that prescribed vitamin Bz had not been started. A follow-up MCV wasfound to be 98 fl. Despite the diagnosis of possible or probable vitamin B:z deficiency among Marshallese, intrinsic factor antibodies haveyet to be detected. Facilities are not satisfactory for performing Schilling tests, and thus the diagnosis of pernicious anemia remainsto be established. Hematology No malignant hematologic disease was diagnosedin 1983-84 in either the exposed orthe unexposed populations. Mean values for neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets con- Hepatitis B Serological Survey The prevalence of hepatitis B is known to be high in Asia and the Western Pacific. For Table 1 Hemoglobin Concentration, Monocyte Counts, and Basophil Counts Rongelap Ailingnae Utinik Comparison 15.2 + 1.5* 13.6 + 1.4 1983 14.9 + 0.9 13.7 + 0.4 15.7 £1.2 13.3 +1.5 15.3 £1.3 13.5 + 1.1 Monocytes/ ul 322 + 148 377 + 255 316 + 163 340 +179 Basophils/zl 19 + 37 19 + 41 27 + 49 15.7 + 1.1 13.4 + 1.1 15.0 + 1.3 13.5 +1.2 Hemoglobin (g/dl) Hemoglobin (g/dl) (M) (F) (M) (F) 146 +1.5 13.5 + 0.7 7 + 20 1984 14.0 + 1.0 12.9 + 0.7 Monocytes/l 290 + 143 934 +149 315 + 157 285 + 151 Basophils/yl 20 + 43 20 + 34 16 + 38 18 +39 * One standard deviation.