Chapter 2
PROCEDURE
2.1 OPERATIONS
The objectives of this project were such that only a fractional-kiloton detonation above ground
permitted useful information to be obtained.
Shot Hamilton best fitted these requirements.
Detectors and measuring devices were located along two surface lines at approximately right
angles to each other.
" Film badges and associated equipment located from 0 to 600 yards from ground zero on the
0-degree ‘azimuth were placed inside standard 3-inch steel pipes and attached to the CWL cable
(Project 2.12). This cable was drawn back to a safe distance at approximately H +5 minutes
for recovery of equipment, thereby minimizing the film exposure resulting from induced or fallout activity. The film badges and associated equipment were removed from the pipes approximately 30 minutes after shot time.
,
The film badges and associated equipment located from 300 to 1,600 yards from ground zero
on both lines (0 and 85 degrees) were attached to stakes driven into the ground. The RTF
(resonance-threshold-foil) dosimeters located outside 650 yards on the 0-degree azimuth were
recovered 7 minutes after the shot.
The other equipment was recovered within 2 hours after
shot time.
The initial-gamma-dose-rate instruments were inside %-inch plywood sealed boxes anchored
to the ground by 12-inch metal stakes and located 425, 550, and 750 yards from ground zero on
the 85-degree azimuth (Figure 2.1). These instruments were recovered 2 hours after the shot.
One low-resolution dose-rate detector head (MG-3) was blast protected and located 30 yards
from ground zero on the 85-degree azimuth. Figure 2.2 showsthe location of the detector head
in the foreground. The power supply and recorder for the instrument were shock mounted and
located 320 yards from the detector head and connected by a protected cable. A second MG-3
was located 650 yards from ground zero on the 85-degree axis. The unit was placed in a box
made of ¥,-inch plywood and secured to the ground by 12-inch metal stakes.
Late evacuation (H — 2¥, hours) was required in order to turn on power for the initial-dose-
rate instrumentation.
Early re-entry (H + 5 minutes) was required in order to detach equipment
from the CWL cable and for recovery of resonance-threshold-foil dosimeters.
The location of instrumentation stations in relation to ground zero is indicated in Figure 2.3.
The instrumentation placed at the various locations is indicated in Table 2.1.
2.2 GAMMA MEASURING DEVICES
2.2.1
Kaiser Electronic Automatic Dose Rate Instrument. Instruments (Figure 2.4) developed
by the Kaiser Aircraft and Electronics Corporation for the Air Force Special Weapons Center
were modifjed to measure initial-gamma dose rates at three locations. The recording system
used in conjunction with the measuring device utilized an Ampex Corporation AR102 Airbarne
magnetic-tape recorder. A block diagram of the system is shown in Figure 2.5.
The dame-rate instrument required 28 volts dc, and the recorder used 110 volts ac at 400 cps
along with 28 volts de. This power was supplied at each location by a standard Air Force portable generator, Type B-10-B, usually used for aircraft starting. The generators were started
manually at H-3 hours. Activation of the instrument was accomplished by an Edgerton, Germeshausen & Grier (EG&G) hard-wire timing signal at H-15 minutes. A hold-down relay was used
12