TAWAKONT, 205 x 39 ft.; MENDER, 210 x 45 ft.; PC-1546, 200 x 23 ft; YAGs, 450 x 70 ft.;
LCUs, 120 x 35 ft.; and barges, 70 x 35 ft.

Mostlarge ships are calculated to have a topside intensity similar to the land-equivalent
value.

This occurs to the extent that the radiation lost because of a deck-limited fallout field is

offset by losses on land to ground roughness. Intensity readings on land have an associated
ground roughnessfactor, 0.7 traditionally and as in Reference 18, relative to those on an ideal
infinite flat plane. Narrow and small vessels have intensities considerably less than the landequivalent value. For the ATFs, the correction factor relative to land is 0.72, and for PC-1546,

0.60. These factors are applied in the average topside intensity curves of section 3 where
shipboard measurements are unavailable. For peak intensities only on LCUs and barges, factors

of 0.7-0.8 apply.
For a ship alongside a contaminated vessel, the following assumptions are made: a 5foot separation of ships that are alongside amidships, thus maximizing the average shine; and equal
deck heights, in accord with the computational scheme as well as maximizing shine. The topsideaveraged shine factor for each ship alongside YAG-39 or YAG-40is calculated to be within 20
percent of the factor derived from intensity readings on the YAGs. After Shots ROMEO and
YANKEE,the YAGswere alongside each other on fourteen identified dates. YAG-40 had been
heavily contaminated, YAG-39 not. Theratio of average intensities on each date (from Reference
13 data, with the minor contribution from fallout on YAG-39 eliminated) defines a shine factor.

The average value of 0.16 (standard deviation of 0.04) is applied as the shine factor to those ships
alongside YAG-39 or YAG-40.
With the YAG data providing confidence that the approximations underlying the
numerical methods are satisfactory, shine factors for other ship interactions are used directly as
computed. The values are considerably less where long ships were alongside short vessels. In
these cases, the proximity of the bow andstern to the radiation sourceis perforce limited, and the

average shine is reduced thereby. Thus, for an ATF alongside a barge, the shine factoris only 1/3
as much as fora YAG radiation source; for MENDERalongside an LCU,it is half as much.
Additional data from Reference 13 are usedto estimate shine factors during recovery and
towing operations. The attendantintensities on MOLALAfrom shine were measured after Shots
ROMEO, UNION,and YANKEE, as function of distance from YAG-40; the clearest data are
minute-by-minute range findings. These are used to compute time-averaged shine factors for

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