39 During the March 1966 survey, '**I studies were donein 8 subjects with thyroid abnormalities. In addition to urine and neck radioactivity measurements, as described above from the 1965 survey, 6 subjects were given 500 mg KCIO, by mouth =4 hr after the '*7I dose. Neck measurements were continued for 45 min longer. The neck uptake curvesin these subjects are shown in Figure 30. In 3 subjects (Nos. 3 and 5, who had severe growth retardation, and No. 69, who had a subtotal thyroidectomyin 1964) the neck uptake was almost entirely due to iodidecirculating in the blood, no correction having been made forthis factor. In 3 other patients (Nos. 2, 54, and 65) there was a brisk uptake to about 18% of the dose. Following KCIO,, there was noloss of iodine from the neck. If the thyroid gland had contained iodine which had been trappedas iodide but not organified, this should have been discharged by the KCIO,. A phenomenonofthis kind has been seen in radi- ation-damagedthyroid glandsafter treatment of hyperthyroidism with radioiodine*'-*? but was not observed in the Marshallese subjects. Computer analysis of the '*7I data obtained from all the patients so studied is presented in Table 21. This includes data obtained in the Marshall istands in March 1966 and preoperativelyat BNL in June 1965 and June 1966. Computer analysis of the data obtained at BNL in June 1966 wasevaluatedin several ways: with or without the corrected neck counts using a lead shield, with or without inclusion of urine data. None of these made an important difference in the value for thyroid accumulation rate, but the uncorrected data gave somewhat greaterreliability. The very low urine excretion rates in some cases are probably due to incomplete urine collection, and result in comparable errors, in the opposite sense, in the computed thyroid fraction. In Table 21, uncorrected neck counts are used except for the data at BNL, June 1965. In the Marshall Islands in March1966, blood '*7I was measured at 2 and 4 hr in orderto calculate the iodide space. The data obtained in March 1965 on Marshallese without thyroid abnormality are included for comparison. The two cases with severe growth retardation (Nos. 3 and 5) had markedly diminished thyroid accumulation of '**I as did one subject (No. 59) who was on thyroxine therapy and one (No. 69) after partial thyroidectomy. Two subjects (Nos. 2 Figure 29. Bone dysgenesis of heads of humeri in subject No. 5, typical of hypothyroid disease.