d.

Ouring the spring acaths wes winds average 20 ots tron

the easterortheast, the current action was vigorous, 0.5 mots in the

aurfage and 0.3 in the bettoa currents. The eurrents set downwind ca
the surface and roughly against it on the bettas. During the sumer

~wits lighter mre variable winds, the surface current sets dowwind
still but auch mre slowly (less than 0.3 knots) and the bottoa current

(0.1 mots) opposes it insofar as the geometry of the bottas of the

lagoon permits. & sone of upwelling develops on the eastern edge of
the uigecn and a einking sone predominates over a wide area on the west—
ern side.
o.

The surface current (40 to 50 feet thiok) is free to nove

in times of

utherly wind inpulse when the surface current is setting

with the wind Out the bottom current ia restrained somewhat and tends
to align itealf with the major east-west axis of the lagoon. Thus even
north-west o1 north-northwest wits eufficlent vigor to flow out to sea
over the norihern reefs, the bottom current is turned only east~-south-

east altering the more profound transport characteristics of the lagoon

very little. For this reason, the sone of upwelling along the sastern
rcofs is a permanent feature under all winds having an easterly component.

2. The sone of uswelling can be defined as the region of riseing water over witich the surface current is lose than § feet thick, in
ahioh case it extends from the oorthurn tip of Slicind [sland to the
southorn tip of Mnyu Ieland having a width of from 220 meters opposite
Rolar Island te 3000 meters benind Bikini and Enayu Islands. The northerly
setting commxcant is weak, joining the drift along the northern reefs
which can be dotected as far west as Amen Island. The sontherly setting
component is both stronger and acre veluminoas, flowing with a sean
velocity of 9.3 mets southward to the Enyu Island eddy where it ia
deflocted uprard by the sill at Enyu Channel under the inflowing cceanis
water from the southeast. This geometry causue the two currcnts ta

epiral horisontally in a combined westerly setting current oxtanding

from surface to bottom which can be detested as far wost as Rukoji
Chaanel. Tho path of this spirel is deflected by the tides inward on
Lleed and osward at edd.

g- From the above, it is apparent that contaminated areas will

cFEe

elongated east and weet. Due to settling of contamination and dif~
in the water, both horizontally and vertically, the bottan current:
tend te spread out the elongated ares, throwing up contamination
the eastern upwelling tone. Previous studies indicate an approxiaste

7 aay cyele of tarmmover in the lagoon.

It has been determined tnat tne

contagination at the end of one day will have buen reduced by currents
and diffusion alone to the following: ‘festern sinking sone, 0.01% of

original contamination; eastern upweiling sone, 1.0% of original contamination, with patches ep te LOX,

3. Without going inte great detail, and as a result of the scove
discussions, the following conclusions are apparently acceptable to
those directly conserned with ship and beat operation in the presence
of radiological water contamination:

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