29 April 1953

—L2E DRANDUL FOR RICORD
SUBJECT: Ship and Bost Operation in Radiologically Contaminated Lagoons
A

1.

Over a period of the last 24 months, considerable discussion

has been given to the possibility of radiological contamination ceing
trapped im an atoll lagoon te such an extent ap to hasper Naval act:vities and thereby indirectly cause delays in the operation. These dise

cussions involved representatives ef JTF SE7EN (Lt Col House, Cdr Hall),

TG 7.2 (Dr. iraves, Dr. Ogle, Iir. Curry, Major Servis), 1G 7.3 (LtCder
Carlson, Lt Gill),

Buled

(Capt Tipton, LtCdr Etter), BuShips (Cdr Hoff-

man, LtCdr Coates), Op=36 (Capt “alker), WRUL (Dr. Theapson), APSUP

(Capt Maynard, Or. Scoville, Lt Col itDennel), Serippe Institute of

Oceanography (Dr. Revell), aad University >of “ushington.
2.

For the purpose of this record, the followkng dessription of

the Bikini and Eniwetok lagoon cireulctions is prosented (condonsad frea
reperte on scveral onm-eite and model studies of the Alidat ligcon cade

in connest.on with Operation CROSSROADS, and from experience with mi-

wotek on Operation IVY).”

a. Both lagoons aro essontially "boltedrive" syatems, currents
driven with the wind on thy surface and roughly sgcinst tho wind on the
bottom. Upwelling scones appoar in the easturn l.goon wmters and sinking sconce in the westorn portions. bottom currents tend to rensin
aligned with oast-west axce, roughly independent of the dirsction of
the wind.
b. The rate of Mlushing of the Bilcini ligcon ie such that it
is nearly a closed bagin insofar ae the inturval Ostwen CASTLE snot
dates is coccerned, requiring 22 days to change half of the water and

75 days to change 90%. The orimary flushing route is through Eayu
Cusnanel,

The scuth-weetern passes account for 4 considerable but Lesser

amount of eaptying.

Very little, or name, of the emptying takes place

over the northern and eastern reefs.

@. The Eniwetok lagoon flushing system is auch sore rapid,
and has two asjer routes, i.e. through the eastern and weatern reefs
for the northern lagoon waters and through Deep and Wide Entrances for
southern waters. As demonstrated on IVY, contaainaticoa in the northern
waters was flushed out without getting into the southern portion. For
this reason, and considering the shot echedule, all that folicwe below
ie applicable only to Biiini lagoon operations.

Incl 3} to TAB "Fr

F-12

Select target paragraph3