TABLE 5 RANK ORDER SELECTED CAUSES OF DEATH (0-4) years) 1974-1976 Prematurity 23 or 22.3% Congenital defect & birth related injuries 20 or 19.4% Gastroenteritis & amebiasis 18 or 17.5% Pneumonia 9or 8.7% Malnutrition 5 or 4.8% TOTAL 75 or 72.8% (Source: TTPI Five Year Comprehensive Health Plan, April 1, 1980) B. Radiation Having reviewed the 20-year report on the exposed Marshallese published by Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1975 and the published and unpublished data acquired since 1975 (soon to be published as a 26-year report), the following conclusions are summarized: l. The people of Enewetak (measured in the spring of 1980) have received less radiation exposure than that according to the standard published allowed for large populations in International Commission on Radiation Protection, 77 publication 26. The people of Bikini who returned to their home island (1969-78) received an annual mean radiation dose equivalent of less than 500 millirems per year (the maximum permissible exposure allowed for non- occupational persons). The people of Rongelap and Utirik have significantly increased thyroid pathology, undoubtedly hypothyroidism and radiation related, and manifested by an increase in both benign and malignant thyroid tumors. There is the possibility of other radiation related diseases in the Rongelap population (e.g. leukemia). Although significant acute skin pathology occurred on the islands of Rongelap and Utirik, no serious delayed skin pathology has been noted to date. There are increased eye problems and diabetes which do not appear to be radiation related. VW