ate pHottebbs Y Lig sof : Rome mt, brs qetagnon mead vad taal | PE PRY ber onmorta notiaiv gnoere, INTRODUCTION bet. awrew wet oe FU 7 ny , On March l, 1954, at Bikini Atoll, BRAVO, the. ‘first of dix’ nuclear weapons, rein d gaye Prose ‘ 7 Spy ey ee Pe cope ier hind My vpeterg Motta Sane be tests in the Castle series, was detonated. tae! The BRAvO“device caused substantial ALTE psy surface contamination on inhabited atolls within’ a2)000aquare!wile area. ae . fl Do fea gibt ee tnoagmontcns be sta . The. 7 " contaminated region was cigar shaped and ine luded Ailinginaé, Rongelap, fh mt cyber te emetq cue Jedd pend unorbhes oid vii dugep Rongerik, and Utirik Atolls which lay east of round zero at distances’"from 60 ce waned Ad mete win etn meeracnem Lia) boy be Mer eb hy to 300 miles. fot : ga i The fallout on Rongelap, initially visible at we‘hours, had - dap Pe ti eit og any bet over ors Paget ‘ | thinned out to the extent that it was no longer seen at. elo. hours(6162), adj wef ‘ TOs at , HogwWwo SOR bee STK ilrradthet ‘ On March 3, 1954, the 64 residents of Rongelap Atolt and 18 residents of ip M3 TOS te an bee ad yer Lapappost cefa bee . Sifo Leland, Ailinginae. Atoll, were evacuated. On March 3 and 4, evacuation of ber e@terts 0 afdes seb ead pan 157 Utirik Atoll residents also took place. Vig ae it iments “hw bre apes poy During the first few weeks and at on least once every year from ‘1957 to the present, a Brookhaven; National ‘Labovatory§ RB area Oe Up wg medicalteam, organized by the Department of Defense ‘and ‘by the “Atomic Energy “ot ' i fers 1 J ef Moder pioarh Commission and its successor organizations, has provided medical ‘eviaminat ions’ tof! monitor the health of the persons initially ‘affected ‘by ‘the “‘ fallout from the nun’ clear testing progran, plus” a comparison ‘population.“Reports:“of‘their. ‘findings: are given in Cr56, Co58, C059, Co60, Co62, Co63, C065, Co67, Co70, Co75, and Co80. aes : The Utirikese and Rongelapese returned to their home atolls in June 1954 and in June 1957 respectively. The earlier repatriation of Utirik Atoll was based on the low level of external radiation exposure measured after the bitiab, 3 month observation period (March to June 1954). examined by a Brookhaven medical team until March, 1957, when 144 people received comprehensive physical examinations. Following the 1957, medical survey, . two men, removed from Utirik for medical reasons, were whole body counted at Argonne National Laboratory and provided urine samples for radiochemical anal- Amp: 1 , a Negaae lee. uae 4 - tb adie a.