decay intervals and at zero time. The value for
each activation productat zero timeis the result of
a measurement. The measurements were performed on debris samples taken by aircraft approximately 1 to 4 4 after detonation. When no
measurement exists, the value appears as zero.
Fission products were calculated from the fissioning nuclides and neutron energy spectra.’

Calculated values for each radionuclide at various
decay intervals are given in the remaining
pages—from 1 to 21 h on pp. 3-7, from 1 to 300 d
on pp. 8-11, and from 1 to 50 y on p. 12. Note that

the totals at zero time include only the nuclides

listed on pp. 3-12, not all nuclides present at zero
time.

References
1.

2.
3.
4.

H. G. Hicks, Results of Calculations of External Gamma Radiation Exposure Rates from Fallout and the

Related Radionuclide Compositions, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA,
UCRL-53152 (1981), pts. 1-8.
Part 1—Operation Ranger, 1951
Part 2—Operation Buster-Jangle, 1951
Part 3—Operation Tumbler-Snapper, 1952
Part 4—Operation Upshot-Knothole, 1953
Part 5—Operation Teapot, 1955
Part 6—Operation Plumbob, 1957
Part 7—Operation Hardtack II, 1958
Part 8—Operations Nougat through Bowline, 1962-1968.
Announced United States Nuclear Tests, July, 1945 through December, 1982, Office of Public Affairs,
Nevada Operations Office, Department of Energy, Las Vegas, NV, NVO-209, Rev. 3 January 1983).
H.G. Hicks, “Calculation of the Concentration of Any Radionuclide Deposited on the Ground bv
Fallout from a Nuclear Detonation,” Health Physics, 42, 5 (May 1982), pp. 585-600.
HL. Beck, Exposure Rate Conversion Factors for Radionuclides Deposited on the Ground, Environmental
Measurements Laboratory, Department of Energy, New York, NY, EML-387 (July 1980).

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