ACCIOEMT MODRL (HON-NTS PRoattans) CHRNEGALIZED NTS Fu GEMERAUATEO NTS MODEL MorBL Fig AL WALARDA KSESSMENT STupies Bio LOGic aL GENERALITED Py FINAL Cvbean -oP A 275 LITERATURE (NROT voem ASSEBMENT SURFACE Prevysics: + HOST PaARTIicL eas INCORPORATION into THE DOW Surerace INTERFACE Pu Pu BRLOGICAL STUDIES, we., Pu SOLUBILITY STLDIES IMATIAL HAZARDS ASSESSMENT | GUIDANCE plan for meeting the above objectives is diagramed in Fig. 1. IWTiAL CLEAN-UP The Resuspension Element of the Nevada Applied Ecology Group (NAEG) was formed to undertake the task of studying the movement of plutonium at the Nevada Test Site’(NTS) by wind-driven forces and assessing the potential biological hazards associated with airborne plutonium parti~ cles. The element also was to provide input to the Nevada Operations Office of the Atomic Energy Commission regarding cleanup of plutontumcontaminated areas. This involvement gave the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLL) Bio-Medical Division an opportunity to study fundamental processes involved in the resuspension of plutonium particles from a soil surface, and to develop a time and spatial dependent mathematical model describing average concentration of airborne plutonium as a function of the source (geometrical configuration, soil surface characteristics) and driving forces. It is intended that the model will also provide the necessary input to models of Tung dynamics of plutonium behavior in the human respiratory tract. The NAEG Resuspension Element's LUNG COSE ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION SPECIFIC J Dust DeviL> SALTATION CREEP PARTICLE CONCENTRATION Experience and data gathered at the GMX site were used to derive simple predictive models for air concentrations of plutonium due to resuspension on the Eniwetok Atoll. SovuRcE Tame: Pus SURFACE COonTaAMib aT ice PLANTA CFovwaae Dae CoucmeTtia’on} FIELD EXPERIMENTS: Soeettatéo Pu AI? ConcesTwaTion WITH Ae EO Ma TEOROLONY from the cascade impactors showed that the ratio of 23932"[py to #4! Am activity is the same as reported for soil in the vicinity of the cascade impactors. Preliminary results from the ultrahigh-volume air sampler runs indicate a gross correlation between many of the wind speedrelated parameters and the concentration of resuspended plutonium. AIR SassPL incr: 220s AZ SAMPLES PARTICLE SPECTROMETERS PARTICLE ANALTSIS activity of 890 dpm/g, or about one-third of that found in the soil in close proximity to the cascade impactors, was measured. Particle data FIG. |. THE INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE FIELD EXPERIMENT (DATA GATHERING) AND OBJECTIVES OF NAEG. Experimental results have also shown that there is no obvious correlation of specific Pu activity with particle size. An average specific Fa AMALTSS found to be distributed distinctly differently with a smaller median aerodynamic diameter and a larger geometric mean. The data also showed that the fraction of the resuspended plutonium aerosol at GMK which would be expected to undergo pulmonary depositions to be approximately 0,2 based upon the ICRP Task Group on Lung Dynamics model. _ Lg— — —- —— — fm three species *38py, 239,2%0py, and 24)Am. The total mass, however, was ARES M TRANSPORT Measurements using cascade impactor studies indicate that there is no difference in the distribution of activity with particle size for the SPecisic the presently accepted maximum permissible concentration for occupational exposure. It was also concluded that the air concentrations of 239pu in Mercury may be influenced by the local NTS sources. ATGA QM NAEG STuUPasS WePUET JOUTPUT: Puy TRANSPORT resuspension source. However, the average air concentration of resus- pended 779Py outside the exclusion area is only a small fraction of