CHAPTER IV, SECTION 4
seas prevailing.

Remedial measures by H&N

forces consisted of replacing the mooring gear

with heavier tackle. At Bikini Atoll the plant-

ing and mooring of the instrument cans of the

148 series was accomplished by the U.S. Navy.
This work was undertaken at Eniwetok Lagoon
by the H&N Marine Department.
ASSISTANCE TO LARGE VESSELS. All
navy tankers tying to POL buoys were assisted
by LCMs. The sea mule at Eniwetok and an
LCM at Bikini were used to pass the POL sub-

marine hose to the tanker and, on completion
of delivery of fuel, to relay properly the hose on
the bottom. In all beachings of LSTs, these

vessels were assisted in making the mole and
retracting from the beach.
HOUSEBOATS.

LCUs were fitted out and

operated as houseboats for the initial phases of
all beachhead landings; to house and sustain
two scientific groups off Dog-George area after
1 March 1954; and as a station vessel off the
Flora Crater for the Nectar event. The boats
were adequate for these uses and eliminated

considerable lost time that would have resulted
in traveling to and from an established camp

or large vessel.

UNDERWATER PIPING.

The Marine De-

partment was responsible for maintenance of
all submarine piping. In this connection two
lines were laid to the POL farm on Sugar, one
Jet Fuel line added to the POL farm at Fred,

and considerable work undertaken in repairing

DATE

DEPTH
IN FEET

Jan. 5, 1953

110 - 120

Apr. 29, 1953

110 - 120

Apr. 29, 1953
Apr. 30, 1953

110 - 120
110 - 120

Apr. 30, 1953
Apr. 30, 1953
May1, 1953

110 - 120
110 - 120
111 - 120

May
May
May
May
Feb.

111
110
110
110
90

1, 1953
2, 1953
2, 1953
2, 1953
23, 1954

Feb. 23, 1954
Feb. 24, 1954
Feb. 24, 1954

-

120
120
120
120
100

90 - 100
80 - 90
80 - 90

existing POL lines in Eniwetok Lagoon. Prior
to the arrival of tankers, all POL lines were
tested by applying 80 lbs./sq. in. hydrostatic
pressure. The steel piping developed a number

of leaks which were repaired by using rubber
patching clamped to the piping. This piping in
all probability will require replacement in the
near future. Considerable trouble was experienced with sea moss and trash from vessels at
anchor; this foreign matter entered the CMR

power plant sea water intake. To lessen this

condition, a 90° vertical gooseneck was installed
on the lagoon end of this intake.

DIVING OPERATIONS. All diving operations
were performed by volunteers who could definitely prove previous schooling and experience.

These men were given a thorough physical examination by the Jobsite doctor prior to being

qualified as divers and were re-examined quarterly. The deep sea diving operations required
during OPERATION CASTLE were largely
concerned with the POL submarine hoses, due
to the foul bottom.
Skin divers were used for shallow water

diving in connection with work on underwater

piping, hull inspection, inspection of ground
tackle for small craft moorings, submarine cables and waterborne Scientific Stations.

The record of deep sea diving operations,
which were limited to a depth of 130 feet, for
OPERATION CASTLEfollows:

DESCRIPTION OF JOB
Recover POL saddle Elmer and connect new
chain and buoy.
Disconnect hose from bent pipe and flange buoy
off hose. O. W.O. #578, POL Eniwetok.

Same as above.

Lay in three sections of hose and connect up to

steel pipe. #578, POL Eniwetok.

Sameas above.
Same as above.
Add onesection of hose to POL line and connect
to steel pipe flange. O. W. O. #578, POL
Eniwetok.
Sameas above.
Sameas above.
Same as above.
Same as above.

Place chain weights on jet fuel lines POL

Eniwetok.
Same as above.
Same as above.
Sameas above.

Page 4-45

Select target paragraph3